What do systematic reviews say?

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 828 participants
  Low

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) probably leads to lower caesarean section compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.89]
  5 studies · 557 participants
  Moderate

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 399 participants
  Low

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in birth preferences: prefer caesarean section compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.38 [0.08, 1.85]
  2 studies · 208 participants
  Low

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in epidural analgesia during labour compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.21 [0.98, 1.48]
  2 studies · 380 participants
  Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

It is very uncertain whether voice‐enabling communication aid changes proportion able to communicate compared with usual care with an aid (very low certainty).

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.03 [0.18, 50.08]
  2 studies · 50 participants
  Very low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 63 participants
  Low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 80 participants
  Very low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 50 participants
  Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 90 participants
  Very low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 1500 participants
  Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1440 participants
  Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1440 participants
  Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

• Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 58 participants
  Very low