Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,760 questions · 8,065 findings · 1,036 reviews

No studies found 1,686 · 20.9%GRADE not reported 675 · 8.4%Very low 1,953 · 24.2%Low 2,048 · 25.4%Moderate 1,296 · 16.1%High 407 · 5%

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Schwarz appliance vs No active treatment (control)

Lower incisors to mandible (position, mm) at 9 months · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

Schwarz appliance led to higher lower incisors to mandible (position, mm) at 9 months compared with no active treatment (control); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Cervical pull headgear vs Minor interceptive procedures (control)

Lower incisors to mandible (relationship of lower front teeth to the mandible) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

Cervical pull headgear showed no clear difference in lower incisors to mandible at 2 years compared with minor interceptive procedures (control); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) by subgroup: Low dentine-caries prevalence (<=14%) (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: five to seven months vs three months

Number with frequent relapses by 12 to 24 months stratified by risk of selection bias: Low risk of selection bias · children with nephrotic syndrome

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: five to… showed no clear difference in subgroup analysis by risk of bias for number with frequent relapses:… compared with three months (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: 3 months or more vs 2 months of therapy

Number with frequent relapses by 12 to 24 months stratified by risk of selection bias: Low risk of selection bias · children with nephrotic syndrome

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: 3 months or… showed no clear difference in number with frequent relapses by 12 to 24 months stratified by risk… compared with 2 months of therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs placebo

Adverse events: yellowing of the skin · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: yellowing of the skin compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Lower limb compression vs control · women having spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes lower limb compression vs control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phlebotonics vs placebo?

Oedema in the lower legs (dichotomous variable) · patients with venous insufficiency

Do phlebotonics improve signs and symptoms of venous insufficiency… probably leads to lower oedema in the lower legs (dichotomous variable) compared with placebo? (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in DSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

All wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes all wound infections (SSSI + DSSI) ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs placebo

SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment · prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernioplasty hernia repair

Antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in SSSI ‐ low infection risk environment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF vs anti‐VEGF alone

Change in visual acuity (logMAR) ‐ 12 months (negative is better) · people with neovascular AMD

Radiotherapy combined with anti‐VEGF showed no clear difference in change in best corrected visual acuity (logMAR units) Measured using… compared with anti‐VEGF alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review