Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,890 questions · 3,917 findings · 272 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 429 · 11%GRADE not reported 2,657 · 67.8%Very low 512 · 13.1%Low 219 · 5.6%Moderate 80 · 2%High 20 · 0.5%

Carbopol (polyacrylic acid/acetate) spray vs Placebo spray

Patient preference · Adults seeking treatment for the symptom of dry mouth (xerostomia) due to any cause (e.g. medication, Sjogren's syndrome, radiotherapy,…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Patient preference for active sprays vs placebo nearly attained significance (Chi2 7.259, df=3; P = 0.064); 15/43 participants expressed no desire to continue any spray after the trial.
    1 study · 43 participants
    GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical capsaicin vs placebo

Present pain of TMD (VAS) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Topical capsaicin (0.025% cream) showed no clear difference in present pain of TMD (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Calcitonin (salmon calcitonin nasal spray 200 IU/day) vs placebo

Increase in volume of more than 10% compared to the pretreatment measurement · Patients with histologically confirmed CGCG in one or both jaws and normal serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels

Calcitonin (salmon calcitonin nasal spray 200 IU/day) showed no clear difference in increase in volume of more than 10% compared to the pretreatment… compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Inlay autogenous bone graft (iliac crest) vs Inlay bone substitute (Bio-Oss block)

Patient preference · Patients with atrophic posterior mandibles (5 to 7 mm above the mandibular canal) needing implants

Inlay autogenous bone graft (iliac crest) led to lower patient preference compared with inlay bone substitute (Bio-Oss block); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

1-stage (non-submerged) implant placement vs 2-stage (submerged) implant placement

Patient preference including aesthetics (split-mouth studies only) · People with dental implants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Instrumental assessment: nasalance score (nasometry and pressure-flow measure) · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium nitrate/dimethyl isosorbide/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/DMI/PCa) vs Potassium nitrate/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/PCa)

Clinical success (absence of periapical pathology, tenderness to pressure and fistula formation) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hodosh 2003 (Analysis 3.1): all 18 patients receiving KNO3/DMI/PCa responded favourably (0/18 developed clinical symptoms) versus 9/17 in the KNO3/PCa group; symptomatic teeth required endodontic therapy or extraction.…
    1 study · 35 participants
    GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Mandibular advancement device

Preference (device preferred by participants) · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Occlusal splint versus mandibular advancement device, preference (Landry 2006): 12 of 13 participants preferred the occlusal splint over the mandibular advancement device (MAD free); a higher proportion of benefitted…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Potassium nitrate/dimethyl isosorbide/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/DMI/PCa) vs Polycarboxylate cement (PCa) alone

Clinical success (absence of periapical pathology, tenderness to pressure and fistula formation) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hodosh 2003 (Analysis 3.1): all 18 patients receiving KNO3/DMI/PCa responded favourably (0/18 developed clinical symptoms) versus 10/12 in the PCa group. "The results in groups two and three were statistically…
    1 study · 30 participants
    GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Palatal splint

Preference (device preferred by participants) · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Occlusal splint versus palatal splint, preference (Dube 2004): all participants preferred the palatal splint rather than the occlusal splint; 71% felt the occlusal splint offered greater protection for their teeth. At…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Potassium nitrate/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/PCa) vs Polycarboxylate cement (PCa) alone

Clinical success (absence of periapical pathology, tenderness to pressure and fistula formation) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hodosh 2003 (Analysis 3.1): 9/17 in the KNO3/PCa group and 10/12 in the PCa group developed clinical symptoms requiring endodontic therapy or extraction. No significance test reported for this specific contrast; no…
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported

Tongue scraper or tongue cleaner (One Drop Only tongue cleaner; Tongue-Putzer scraper; polystyrene scraper) vs Toothbrush (used to clean the tongue)

Self-expressed (perceived) or organoleptic (human nose) assessment of halitosis · Adults (over 18 years) with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
    Neither of the two included trials provided any self expressed (perceived) or organoleptic (human nose) assessments of halitosis (the review's primary outcomes); no data.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Lingualised teeth (maxillary anatomic + mandibular non-anatomic; lingualised occlusion scheme) vs Zero-degree teeth (non-anatomic, cuspless)

Patient perceived satisfaction (denture preference) · Edentulous adult patients requiring complete dentures

Lingualised teeth (maxillary anatomic + mandibular non-anatomic;… led to higher patient perceived satisfaction (denture preference) compared with zero-degree teeth (non-anatomic, cuspless); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Other methods (pooled: ART/glass ionomer cement, nano-silver fluoride, placebo)

Caries arrestment at the individual (patient) level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

Compared with other caries-management methods, SDF may increase caries arrestment at the individual level, but the pooled estimate is very imprecise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or glass ionomer material

Caries arrestment at the individual (patient) level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

In one trial, SDF greatly increased individual-level caries arrestment versus ART/glass ionomer cement (OR 18.03); this subgroup was not separately GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review