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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,395 questions in 172 reviews · Gut
current versionsNo studies 420 · 17.5%Ungraded 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Any adverse events with use of FMT for induction of remission in CD · people with active CD Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Induction of endoscopic remission in CD · people with active CD Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Quality‐of‐life scores with use of FMT for induction of remission in CD · people with active CD Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Maintenance of remission in CD · people with CD in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.36, 4.14] | 1 study · 21 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Serious adverse events with use of FMT for maintenance of remission in CD · people with CD in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Any adverse events with use of FMT for maintenance of remission in CD · people with CD in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Maintenance of endoscopic remission in CD · people with CD in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Serious adverse events with use of FMT for induction of remission in UC (RR > 1 favors control) · people with active UC Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.77 [0.88, 3.55] | 10 studies · 468 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Quality‐of‐life scoreswith use of FMT for maintenance of remission in CD · people with CD in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Any adverse events with use of FMT for induction of remission in UC (RR > 1 favors control) · people with active UC Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.85, 1.16] | 9 studies · 417 participants | Low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Induction of endoscopic remission in UC at longest · people with active UC Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.64, 3.29] | 5 studies · 285 participants | Low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Quality‐of‐life scores: IBDQ with use of FMT for induction of remission in UC (MD > 0 favors FMT) · people with active UC Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 131 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Maintenance of clinical remission in UC (RR > 1 favors intervention) · people with UC in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.97 [0.26, 34.42] | 2 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Serious adverse events with use of FMT for maintenance of remission in UC (RR > 1 favors control) · people with UC in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Any adverse events with use of FMT for maintenance of remission in UC (RR > 1 favors the control) · people with UC in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.85, 1.59] | 2 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Fecal microbiota transplantation vs control Maintenance of endoscopic remission in UC (RR > 1 favors FMT) · people with UC in remission Fecal transplantation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2023) · Cochrane | RR 3.28 [0.73, 14.74] | 2 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Treatment success (at study end, as reported by study authors) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.57 [1.05, 2.36] | 6 studies · 554 participants | Low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Severity of pain (at study end, using the Faces Pain Scale) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 319 participants | Very low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Frequency of pain (at study end, episodes per week) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 4.58 [0.8, 26.19] | 4 studies · 302 participants | Very low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Serious adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 302 participants | Very low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Adverse events (any) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.88 [0.32, 25.92] | 3 studies · 189 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Complete resolution of pain (at study end, as reported by study authors) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [0.94, 2.56] | 6 studies · 460 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Severity of pain (at study end, using the Faces Pain Scale) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 665 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Frequency of pain (at study end, episodes per week) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 605 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.07, 15.12] | 8 studies · 544 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Serious adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 685 participants | Very low |
Probiotic vs placebo Adverse events (any) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.07, 15.12] | 7 studies · 489 participants | Very low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Treatment success (at study end, as reported by study authors) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.34 [1.03, 1.74] | 4 studies · 310 participants | Low |
Synbiotic vs placebo Complete resolution of pain (at study end, as reported by study authors) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.65 [0.97, 2.81] | 2 studies · 131 participants | Low |
Erythromycin vs placebo UGIH‐related mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 255 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage All‐cause mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 238 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage Visualisation of gastric mucosa · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 170 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage NSAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 6 studies · 408 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage Rebleeding · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [0.63, 2.02] | 1 study · 169 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage Blood transfusion · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 180 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage UGIH‐related mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 44 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage SAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 213 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage All‐cause mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RD 0.02 | 3 studies · 213 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage Visualisation of gastric mucosa · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.79, 1.79] | 2 studies · 198 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage NSAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 213 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs placebo SAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 255 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage Rebleeding · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.4, 1.49] | 1 study · 169 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin vs nasogastric tube lavage Blood transfusion · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 169 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage UGIH‐related mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage SAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage All‐cause mortality · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage Visualisation of gastric mucosa · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.3 [0.86, 1.96] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage NSAEs · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs metoclopramide plus nasogastric tube lavage Rebleeding · people with acute UGIH Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |