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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
806 questions in 76 reviews · ENT
current versionsNo studies 293 · 36.4%Ungraded 6 · 0.7%Very low 244 · 30.3%Low 170 · 21.1%Moderate 85 · 10.5%High 8 · 1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Serious complications ‐ measured at 19 to 24 days · people (of any age) with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Suspected ototoxicity ‐ measured at 10 days to 3 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.13, 71.92] | 3 studies · 250 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks (4 weeks) (Metronidazole plus gentamicin‐steroid drops compared to gentamicin‐steroid alone) · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.51, 1.65] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks (6 weeks) (Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole plus topical antibiotics and steroid ear drops compared to topical antibiotic and steroid ear drops alone) · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.54 [1.09, 2.16] | 1 study · 98 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Health‐related quality of life ‐ unclear · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 101 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Hearing ‐ unclear · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Serious complications ‐ mastoid abscess measured at 12 weeks · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.07, 15.86] | 1 study · 101 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Suspected ototoxicity · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not… Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured between 1 week and up to 2 weeks · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Resolution of ear discharge (4 weeks or more) ‐ measured at 3 to 4 months · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.75, 1.41] | 1 study · 136 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Health‐related quality of life · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Hearing ‐ measured at 3 to 4 months · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 204 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Serious complications · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics Suspected ototoxicity · schoolchildren with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 204 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Health‐related quality of life · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Hearing · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 33 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Serious complications ‐ during 6 months of · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 33 participants | Very low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo Suspected ototoxicity · children with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.93, 1.12] | 5 studies · 390 participants | Low |
Systemic antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Resolution of ear discharge ‐ 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.48 [1.24, 1.76] | 3 studies · 285 participants | Low |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Health‐related quality of life · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Hearing · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Serious complications · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Suspected ototoxicity · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Resolution of ear discharge ‐ 1 to 2 weeks · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.93 [1.5, 5.72] | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Resolution of ear discharge after 4 weeks · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Health‐related quality of life · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Hearing · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Resolution of ear discharge ‐ after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Serious complications · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid combination Suspected ototoxicity · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Hearing · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Serious complications · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs oral quinolone Suspected ototoxicity · people (of any age) with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 265 participants | Very low |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Resolution of ear discharge at 1 to 2 weeks · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical quinolone vs intramuscular gentamicin Resolution of ear discharge after 4 weeks · adults with CSOM Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anti‐IL‐4Rα mAb (dupilumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids) Health‐related quality of life ‐ disease‐specific (SNOT‐22, range 0 to 110, lower = better) · patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 784 participants | High |
Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids) Disease severity ‐ VAS (range 0 to 10, lower = better) · patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 72 participants | Very low |
Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids) Serious adverse events · patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.57 [0.07, 35.46] | 2 studies · 135 participants | Very low |
Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids) Avoidance of surgery ‐ patients still meeting the criteria for surgery At end of · patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.64, 0.94] | 2 studies · 135 participants | Very low |