Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

880 questions · 912 findings · 126 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 143 · 15.7%GRADE not reported 38 · 4.2%Very low 250 · 27.4%Low 253 · 27.7%Moderate 168 · 18.4%High 60 · 6.6%

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Maternal drug adverse effects (sleepiness) · women with perineal pain following childbirth

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) showed no clear difference in maternal drug adverse effects (sleepiness) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose intravesical chemotherapy instillation vs placebo or observation after nephroureterectomy

Time to bladder cancer recurrence (absolute effect size estimates based on recurrence rate at 12 months)

Single‐dose intravesical chemotherapy instillation may leads to lower time to bladder cancer recurrence (absolute effect size estimates… compared with placebo or observation after nephroureterectomy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review