What do systematic reviews say?

Late paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Late paracetamol showed no clear difference in failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by… compared with placebo/no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.72, 1.01]
  1 study · 55 participants
  Low

Late paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Late paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Late paracetamol showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitis during initial hospital stay (by… compared with placebo/no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.07, 15.76]
  1 study · 55 participants
  Low

Paracetamol plus ibuprofen (oral or IV) vs ibuprofen plus placebo (oral or IV) or no intervention

Paracetamol plus ibuprofen (oral or IV) showed no clear difference in failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by… compared with ibuprofen plus placebo (oral or IV) or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.77 [0.43, 1.36]
  2 studies · 111 participants
  Low

Paracetamol plus ibuprofen (oral or IV) vs ibuprofen plus placebo (oral or IV) or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Paracetamol plus ibuprofen (oral or IV) vs ibuprofen plus placebo (oral or IV) or no intervention

Paracetamol plus ibuprofen (oral or IV) showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitis during initial hospital stay (radiological… compared with ibuprofen plus placebo (oral or IV) or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.45]
  1 study · 24 participants
  Low

Paracetamol vs ibuprofen

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospital stay(by clinical… compared with ibuprofen (moderate certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.8, 1.48]
  8 studies · 734 participants
  Moderate

Paracetamol vs ibuprofen

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitisduring initial hospital stay (by… compared with ibuprofen (moderate certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.3 [0.87, 1.94]
  10 studies · 1015 participants
  Moderate

Paracetamol vs indomethacin

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by… compared with indomethacin (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.78, 1.33]
  4 studies · 380 participants
  Low

Paracetamol vs indomethacin

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospital stay (by clinical… compared with indomethacin (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.86 [0.39, 1.92]
  2 studies · 114 participants
  Low

Paracetamol vs indomethacin

Paracetamol may leads to lower necrotizing enterocolitis during initial hospital stay (by… compared with indomethacin (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.42 [0.19, 0.96]
  4 studies · 384 participants
  Low

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol may leads to lower failure of PDA closure after first course (assessed by… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.18, 0.42]
  3 studies · 240 participants
  Low

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospital stay (by clinical… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.24, 1.44]
  3 studies · 240 participants
  Low

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 72 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 72 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 80 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 11 participants
  Very low

Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor therapy vs conventional laser/cryotherapy

It is very uncertain whether anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor therapy changes structural outcome ‐ retinal detachment compared with conventional laser/cryotherapy (very low certainty).

• Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.21, 5.13]
  3 studies · 272 participants
  Very low