Intervention not reported
Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Explanation and planning (information giving) Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Specific communication techniques Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
The intervention may leads to lower specific communication techniques Different scales used by different… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Empathy Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a 5‐ to 9‐point Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Time to first hospitalisation after starting intervention · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes time to first hospitalisation after starting intervention compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Impact of interventions for stuttering on emotional, cognitive and psychosocial domains, or quality of life · children aged six years and younger who stutter
1 finding from 1 review
Pain frequency or change in pain frequency · UC patients
2 findings from 1 review
Pain intensity (end of intervention, unidentified 0‐10 scale) · UC patients
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · UC patients
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in children and adolescents (up to 18 years or age)
Comparison 1: Individual CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH by post‐intervention compared with TAU or other comparator (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in children and adolescents (up to 18 years or age)
Comparison 2: DBT‐A leads to lower repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in children and adolescents (up to 18 years or age)
It is very uncertain whether comparison 3: MBT‐A changes repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in children and adolescents (up to 18 years or age)
Comparison 7: Family therapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in adults
Comparison 1.1: Individual‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in adults
Comparison 4: Emotion‐regulation psychotherapy probably leads to lower repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in adults
Comparison 5: Psychodynamic psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Repetition of SH at post‐intervention · self‐harm in adults
Comparison 6: Case management showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review