What do systematic reviews say?

Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

• Automated mandatory bolus versus basal infusion for maintenance of epidural analgesia in labour 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  14 studies · 14 participants
  GRADE not reported

Triple therapy vs LABA/LAMA combination

Triple therapy leads to higher respiratory HRQoL measured by SGRQ, ≥ 4‐point decrease from baseline… compared with LABA/LAMA combination (high certainty).

• Inhaled corticosteroids with combination inhaled long‐acting beta2‐agonists and long‐acting muscarinic antagonists for… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.35 [1.26, 1.45]
  3 studies · 14070 participants
  High

Triple therapy vs LABA/LAMA combination

Triple therapy probably leads to higher symptom score TDI, ≥ 1‐unit increase (lower scores indicate worse… compared with LABA/LAMA combination (moderate certainty).

• Inhaled corticosteroids with combination inhaled long‐acting beta2‐agonists and long‐acting muscarinic antagonists for… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [1.13, 1.57]
  1 study · 3044 participants
  Moderate

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in major neurological disability at 2 years of age (Defined as any of… compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.59, 1.68]
  2 studies · 1554 participants
  Low

Vaginal surgery with mesh vs non‐mesh repair

• Surgery for women with apical vaginal prolapse 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 180 participants
  Moderate

Percutaneous vs open surgical PD catheter insertion

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Catheter insertion techniques for improving catheter function and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Peritoneoscopic vs open surgical PD catheter insertion

It is very uncertain whether peritoneoscopic changes long‐term PD catheter function (> 4 weeks following PD catheter… compared with open surgical PD catheter insertion (very low certainty).

• Catheter insertion techniques for improving catheter function and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.38, 0.92]
  1 study · 116 participants
  Very low

Medical vs open surgical PD catheter insertion

It is very uncertain whether medical changes late PD catheter failure (> 4 weeks following PD catheter insertion) compared with open surgical PD catheter insertion (very low certainty).

• Catheter insertion techniques for improving catheter function and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.38, 0.92]
  1 study · 116 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher quality of care: proportion of patients who receive a swallow screen… (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for the uptake of evidence‐based recommendations in acute stroke settings 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 6.76 [4.44, 10.76]
  1 study · 1804 participants
  Moderate

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 671 participants
  Moderate

Balneotherapy vs dryland exercise

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  Low

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 153 participants
  Very low

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 354 participants
  Low

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 369 participants
  Very low

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 59 participants
  Low

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions vs usual care or attention control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 903 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 750 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 636 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1014 participants
  Moderate