What do systematic reviews say?

Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention

• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 699 participants
  Moderate
• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 883 participants
  Very low
• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 215 participants
  Very low

Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention

• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 272 participants
  Very low
• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 608 participants
  Moderate
• Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 104 participants
  Very low

SPLINT vs No active treatment (control)

• Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 306 participants
  Low

SPLINT vs No active treatment (control)

• Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 144 participants
  Very low

SPLINT vs No active treatment (control)

• Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  Low

Exercise vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether physical exercise changes exercise capacity assessed by: time on treadmill (higher is better) compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Physical exercise for the treatment of non‐ulcerated chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 77.74
  2 studies · 56 participants
  Very low

Exercise vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether physical exercise changes muscle strength assessed by: heel lifts (higher is better) compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Physical exercise for the treatment of non‐ulcerated chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 3.1
  3 studies · 89 participants
  Very low

Telemedicine vs usual care

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 85 participants
  Very low

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions vs usual care or attention control

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life 1 trial of single‐lens glasses… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

• Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.4
  1 study · 597 participants
  Low

Home fall‐hazard reduction vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Home fall‐hazard reduction showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life SMD was calculated from 4 studies… compared with control (e.g. usual care) (moderate certainty).

• Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.09
  6 studies · 1848 participants
  Moderate

Culturally adapted health literacy skills building course vs no/unrelated health literacy intervention

• Interventions for improving health literacy in migrants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 229 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 958 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Musical and vocal interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 800 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Physical activity and education about physical activity for chronic musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 201 participants
  Very low