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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
274 questions in 25 reviews · Movement Disorders
current versionsNo studies 13 · 4.7%Ungraded 7 · 2.6%Very low 66 · 24.1%Low 66 · 24.1%Moderate 87 · 31.8%High 35 · 12.8%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings: levodopa vs other dopamine agonists Self rated quality of sleep RLS‐6; scale satisfaction with sleep: 0 to 10 (= low satisfaction) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 344 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs other dopamine agonists Quality of life RLS‐QoL: 0 to 60 (= severe impairment) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 314 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Periodic limb movements in sleep index (PLMSI) PLMS per hour of sleep (4 trials) or time in bed (1 trial) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 91 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Total sleep time (TST) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 59 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Dropouts due to adverse events · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | OR 0.73 [0.05, 11.34] | 6 studies · 109 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Clinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement of condition (CGI‐I) Rating of 1 = very much improved to 7 = very much worse · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 60 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Self rated quality of sleep SMD on SF‐A scale quality of sleep and VAS (0 to 10 = very good night) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 60 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs placebo Quality of life VAS on life satisfaction (0 to 50 = high) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 60 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs other dopamine agonists IRLS · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 383 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levodopa vs other dopamine agonists Periodic limb movements per hour of time in bed (PLMI) · patients with restless legs syndrome Levodopa for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo IRLS · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 30 studies · 6380 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Number of drop outs due to adverse events · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | OR 1.7 | 3 studies · 504 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Clinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement of condition (CGI‐I) Rating of 1 = very much improved to 7 = very much worse · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.91, 1.56] | 2 studies · 422 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Subjective quality of sleep RLS‐6; scale satisfaction with sleep: 0 to 10 (= low satisfaction) · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 344 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Quality of life RLS‐QoL: 0 to 60 (= severe impairment) · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 314 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Number of patients experiencing adverse events · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | OR 2.87 [0.43, 19] | 3 studies · 461 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR IRLS all dopamine agonists · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 30 studies · 6380 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR IRLS cabergoline · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 127 participants | High |
Intervention NR IRLS lisuride · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 378 participants | High |
Intervention NR IRLS pergolide · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 97 participants | High |
Intervention NR IRLS pramipexole · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 2256 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS Index) PLMS per hour of sleep (8 trials) or time in bed (7 trials) · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 1141 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR IRLS ropinirole · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 2301 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR IRLS rotigotine · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 958 participants | High |
Intervention NR IRLS sumanirole · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 263 participants | High |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Sleep efficiency Percentage of total sleep time per time in bed · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 677 participants | High |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Number of dropouts due to adverse events · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | OR 1.82 [1.35, 2.45] | 34 studies · 7054 participants | High |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Clinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement of condition (CGI‐I) Rating of 1 = very much improved to 7 = very much worse · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | RR 1.44 [1.34, 1.54] | 27 studies · 6338 participants | High |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Subjective quality of sleep SMD on questionnaires MOS, RLS‐6, PSQI, VAS · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 22 studies · 4592 participants | High |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs placebo Quality of life SMD on 2 RLS‐QoL questionnaires · patients with restless legs syndrome according to IRLSSG, 18 years or older Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 17 studies · 4312 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa IRLS · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 383 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: dopamine agonists vs levodopa Periodic limb movements per hour of time in bed · patients with restless legs syndrome Dopamine agonists for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (2011) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Low |
BoNT‐A vs Placebo/no treatment Elbow flexor spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 180. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs OT only Quality of movement (18 mths ‐ 8yrs) Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 84 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs OT only Quality of movement (5 yrs ‐ 15yrs) The Melbourne Assessment. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 69 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs OT only Goal attainment Goal Attainment Scaling2. Scale from: 20 to 80. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 152 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs OT only Occupational performance ‐ performance Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Scale from: 0 to 10. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 109 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs OT only Occupational performance ‐ satisfaction Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 109 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Elbow flexors spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 180. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Wrist flexor spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 90. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Quality of movement (18 mths ‐ 8yrs) Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test. Scale from: 0 to 100. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 14 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Quality of movement (5 yrs ‐ 15yrs) The Melbourne Assessment. Scale from: 0 to 100. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Goal attainment Goal Attainment Scaling3. Scale from: 20 to 80. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | High |
BoNT‐A vs Placebo/no treatment Wrist flexor spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 90. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Occupational performance ‐ performance Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Scale from: 0 to 10. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs BoNT‐A only Occupational performance ‐ satisfaction Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Scale from: 0 to 10. · patients with children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs Placebo/no treatment Elbow flexor spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 35 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs Placebo/no treatment Wrist flexor spasticity modified Tardieu scale. Scale from: 0 to 90. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 35 participants | High |
BoNT‐A/OT vs Placebo/no treatment Quality of movement (18 mths ‐ 8yrs) Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 13 participants | Moderate |
BoNT‐A/OT vs Placebo/no treatment Quality of movement (5 yrs ‐ 15yrs) The Melbourne Assessment. Scale from: 0 to 100. · children with cerebral palsy Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 19 participants | Moderate |