Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

256 questions · 278 findings · 34 reviews · ENT

No studies found 86 · 30.9%GRADE not reported 1 · 0.4%Very low 88 · 31.7%Low 66 · 23.7%Moderate 35 · 12.6%High 2 · 0.7%

Antihistamines vs placebo

Physiological measures: heart rate and core temperature · patients with motion sickness

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines may leads to higher adverse effects: sedation Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire (presence or absence given numerical values) · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects ‐ Blurred vision No of patients with blurred vision · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: blurred vision Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ginkgo biloba vs placebo

Other adverse effects (gastrointestinal upset, headache, allergic reaction) · adults with tinnitus

Ginkgo biloba showed no clear difference in other adverse effects (gastrointestinal upset, headache, allergic… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Presence of normal olfactory function · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

It is very uncertain whether intranasal steroid spray changes presence of normal olfactory function Assessed by participants as a… compared with no intervention/placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Presence of normal olfactory function · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

Intranasal steroid drops showed no clear difference in presence of normal olfactory function Assessed by participants > 4… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review