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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

132 questions · 135 findings · 30 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 16 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 14 · 10.4%Very low 30 · 22.2%Low 45 · 33.3%Moderate 27 · 20%High 3 · 2.2%

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' PMA compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulse vs continuous dexamethasone therapy

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Pulse may leads to higher death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' PMA compared with continuous dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulse vs continuous dexamethasone therapy

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

It is very uncertain whether pulse changes death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) compared with continuous dexamethasone therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs other sources of phototherapy

Treatment failure requiring exchange transfusionc,d · infants with confirmed hyperbilirubinemia

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) showed no clear difference in treatment failure requiring exchange transfusionc,d compared with other sources of phototherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs other sources of phototherapy

Acute bilirubin encephalopathy · infants with confirmed hyperbilirubinemia

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) may leads to lower acute bilirubin encephalopathyc,f compared with other sources of phototherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) vs other sources of phototherapy

Proportion of days of effective treatmenti · infants with confirmed hyperbilirubinemia

It is very uncertain whether sunlight (with or without filters or amplification) changes proportion of days of effective treatmenti compared with other sources of phototherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous fluid supplementation vs no fluid supplementation

Proportion of infants who required exchange transfusion · newborn infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia undergoing phototherapy

Intravenous fluid supplementation may leads to lower proportion of infants who required exchange transfusion compared with no fluid supplementation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review