What do systematic reviews say?

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 33 participants
  Very low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 153 participants
  Low

Parenting interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 149 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1073 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1074 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1121 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Vocabulary interventions vs usual care

• Vocabulary interventions for second language (L2) learners up to six years of age 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 960 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions showed no clear difference in substance use ‐ post‐interventiong compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.57 [0.72, 3.45]
  1 study · 189 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 67 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions changes parent–child relationship ‐ post‐interventionm compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (very low certainty).

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.67 [0.6, 36.29]
  1 study · 26 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 66 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 247 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

• Interventions from pregnancy to two years after birth for parents experiencing complex post‐traumatic stress disorder… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 507 participants
  Low

Interventions (vitamin B1, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid) vs placebo or active comparators (desmopressin, sodium diclofenac, flavonoids)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to prevent or treat heavy menstrual bleeding or pain associated with intrauterine‐device use 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable PTSD (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5.5 [2.5, 12.1]
  1 study · 313 participants
  Low

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable depression or anxiety (1 to 6… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.6 [2.1, 10.08]
  1 study · 313 participants
  Low