Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries
ApaI(rs7975232) over-dominant model: CC+AA vs CA was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 0.91); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged 6 years or younger (preschool children)
Serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l (vs 50–75 nmol/l) was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 1.47; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children ≤6 years, North America
In North America, 25(OH)D 50–75 nmol/l (vs ≥75) was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 2.09; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children ≤6 years, Asia and Europe
In Asia and Europe, 25(OH)D 50–75 nmol/l (vs ≥75) was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 1.32; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries
FokI(rs2228570) over-dominant model: AA+GG vs AG was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 1.04); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries
ApaI(rs7975232) allelic model: C vs A was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 0.89); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries
Over-dominant model (CC+TT vs CT) at FokI(rs10735810) showed no significant association with caries (OR 0.83); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries
FokI(rs2228570) allelic model: A vs G was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 1.07); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to geographic atrophy · people with AMD
Lutein with or without zeaxanthin showed no clear difference in progression to geographic atrophy compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) · people with AMD
Lutein with or without zeaxanthin showed no clear difference in progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · people with AMD
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · people with AMD
It is very uncertain whether lutein with or without zeaxanthin changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.06
Studies not reported
Very low
Resource use and costs · people with AMD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Progression to late AMD (neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy or both) · people with AMD
Zinc probably leads to lower progression to late AMD (neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy or both) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to neovascular AMD · people with AMD
Zinc probably leads to lower progression to neovascular AMD compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to geographic atrophy · people with AMD
Zinc showed no clear difference in progression to geographic atrophy compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) · people with AMD
Zinc showed no clear difference in progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · people with AMD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects · people with AMD
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
286 participants
Very low
Resource use and costs · people with AMD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found