Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,822 questions · 1,891 findings · 321 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 279 · 14.8%GRADE not reported 46 · 2.4%Very low 524 · 27.7%Low 571 · 30.2%Moderate 330 · 17.5%High 141 · 7.5%

Hypertonic saline vs other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents

Mortality (short‐term) · people with acute traumatic brain injury

It is very uncertain whether hypertonic saline changes mortality (short‐term) compared with other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hypertonic saline vs other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents

Mortality at 6 months · people with acute traumatic brain injury

It is very uncertain whether hypertonic saline changes mortality at 6 months compared with other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hypertonic saline vs other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents

Glasgow Outcome Scale: poor outcome at 6 months · people with acute traumatic brain injury

It is very uncertain whether hypertonic saline changes glasgow Outcome Scale: poor outcome at 6 months compared with other intracranial pressure‐lowering agents (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy vs sham

Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia

It is very uncertain whether convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy changes major adverse events compared with sham procedure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy vs sham

Retreatment · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia

It is very uncertain whether convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy changes retreatment compared with sham procedure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review