Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,549 questions · 1,604 findings · 181 reviews

No studies found 258 · 16.1%GRADE not reported 69 · 4.3%Very low 337 · 21%Low 406 · 25.3%Moderate 410 · 25.6%High 124 · 7.7%

Antibiotics vs placebo

Annual Exacerbation Rates · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics probably leads to lower rate of exacerbation per patient/year WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Delayed‐release mesalamine (3 ‐ 4.5 g/day) vs corticosteroids

Induction of remission (CDAI < or =150 with or without decrease of at least 60 points) · patients with Induction of remission or response in Crohn's disease

Delayed‐release mesalamine (3 ‐ 4.5 g/day) showed no clear difference in induction of remission (CDAI < or =150 with or without decrease of… compared with corticosteroids (moderate certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
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Budesonide 9 mg vs steroids

Clinical remission · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Budesonide 9 mg probably leads to lower induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeks compared with conventional steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Budesonide 9 mg vs steroids

Withdrawal due to disease worsening · Patients with active Crohn's disease

It is very uncertain whether budesonide 9 mg changes withdrawal due to disease worsening compared with conventional steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review