Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,121 questions · 2,186 findings · 242 reviews

No studies found 493 · 22.6%GRADE not reported 158 · 7.2%Very low 600 · 27.4%Low 474 · 21.7%Moderate 364 · 16.7%High 97 · 4.4%

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of symptomatic UTIs or bacteriuria before discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Febrile morbidity · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of women with febrile morbidity at hospital discharge compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Mesh exposure · women with urinary stress incontinence undergoing continence surgery

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics (single or combined drugs) changes number of mesh exposures within six weeks after the operation compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ first dose and referral · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics may leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ first dose and referral compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ full course · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics changes neonatal mortality ‐ full course compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Overall failure (disregarding modifications) · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics showed no clear difference in overall failure (disregarding modifications) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics vs placebo

Failure, modifications included · people with cancer who have febrile neutropenia

It is very uncertain whether treatment failure with anti‐gram‐positive antibiotics changes failure, modifications included compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic

Total number of ibuprofen tablets · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic showed no clear difference in total number of ibuprofen tablets compared with placebo plus analgesic (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic

Patient-reported pain intensity (sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) and sum of pain percussion intensity difference (SPPID)) · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis
1 finding from 1 review
  • Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    7 days
    Corresponding risk (Antibiotics): The in between-group differences (median +/- IQR) in SPID for the penicillin group were 6.0 +/- 10.5, and for placebo 6.0 +/- 9.5. The SPPID for the penicillin group was 3.5 +/- 7.5…
    1 study · 40 participants
    Low

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic

Total number of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine (Tylenol) tablets · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic showed no clear difference in total number of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine (Tylenol)… compared with placebo plus analgesic (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gastrointestinal adverse events in people taking macrolide antibiotics vs placebo

Gastrointestinal disorders not otherwise specified · any indication

Gastrointestinal adverse events in people taking macrolide antibiotics probably leads to higher gastrointestinal disorders not otherwise specified compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review