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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

158 questions · 174 findings · 22 reviews · Gut

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No studies found 20 · 11.5%GRADE not reported 7 · 4%Very low 79 · 45.4%Low 31 · 17.8%Moderate 25 · 14.4%High 12 · 6.9%

Early vs late drain removal following pancreatic surgery

All‐cause mortality · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

It is very uncertain whether early changes mortality compared with late drain removal following pancreatic surgery (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Drain use vs No drain

Intra‐abdominal infection · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

It is very uncertain whether drain use changes intra‐abdominal infection compared with no drain use following pancreatic surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drain use vs No drain

Wound infection · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

Drain use showed no clear difference in wound infection compared with no drain use following pancreatic surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drain use vs No drain

Morbidity · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

Drain use showed no clear difference in morbidity compared with no drain use following pancreatic surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drain use vs No drain

Length of hospital stay · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

Drain use showed no clear difference in length of hospital stay compared with no drain use following pancreatic surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active drain vs passive drain

All‐cause mortality · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

It is very uncertain whether active drain changes mortality compared with passive drain following pancreatic surgery (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Serious adverse events (proportion) · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether enhanced recovery protocol changes serious adverse events (proportion) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Serious adverse events (number) · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether enhanced recovery protocol changes serious adverse events (number) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review