Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

122 questions · 124 findings · 26 reviews

No studies found 54 · 43.5%GRADE not reported 12 · 9.7%Very low 44 · 35.5%Low 11 · 8.9%Moderate 3 · 2.4%High 0 · 0%

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Exercise plus usual pharmacological care vs another intervention (education, joint aids, or relaxation) plus usual pharmacological care

Withdrawals due to any reason · systemic lupus erythematosus

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Exercise plus usual pharmacological care changes withdrawals due to any reason compared with another intervention (education, joint aids, or relaxation) plus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hypnosis vs relaxation

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review

Hypnosis vs relaxation

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Hypnosis showed no clear difference in pain intensity compared with relaxation; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Treatment completion
    Not pooled (clinical heterogeneity). Abrahamsen 2011: MD -1.00 (95% CI -2.27 to 0.27), n=38 (hypnosis 19, relaxation 19); Stam 1984: MD not reported, n=27 (hypnosis 12, relaxation 15).
    2 studies · 65 participants
    GRADE not reported