Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,615 questions · 1,673 findings · 190 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 278 · 16.6%GRADE not reported 85 · 5.1%Very low 328 · 19.6%Low 460 · 27.5%Moderate 402 · 24%High 120 · 7.2%

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Retinopathy of prematurity · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes retinopathy of prematurity, any compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted or adjustable individualized fortification vs standard non‐individualized fortification

Presence of osteopenia · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

It is very uncertain whether targeted or adjustable individualized fortification changes osteopenia compared with standard non‐individualized fortification (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Counselling vs minimal contact control

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

Individual counselling leads to higher smoking cessation at longest compared with minimal contact control (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants cured. Outcome assessed on day 42 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants cured.… compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants with P aeruginosa eradication. Outcome assessed on day 21 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes successful treatment of exacerbation: number of participants with P… compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes serious adverse events. Outcome assessed on day 42 compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral + inhaled dual therapy vs oral monotherapy

Microbiological response: eradicated. Outcome assessed on day 21 · bronchiectasis

It is very uncertain whether oral + inhaled dual therapy changes microbiological response: eradicated. Outcome assessed on day 21 compared with oral monotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Treatment completers ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Severity of PTSD symptoms · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
2 findings from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Individual psychological therapy vs a control therapy

Recovery not achieved according to Morgan and Russell narrow categories or similar ‐ CBT versus IPT or FPDT at end of treatment periods · Adults and older adolescents with anorexia nervosa

Individual psychological therapy showed no clear difference in recovery not achieved according to Morgan and Russell narrow… compared with a control therapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review