Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

160 questions · 160 findings · 28 reviews · Vascular

No studies found 17 · 10.6%GRADE not reported 7 · 4.4%Very low 38 · 23.8%Low 56 · 35%Moderate 36 · 22.5%High 6 · 3.8%

Unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin

DVT (symptomatic, asymptomatic, non‐fatal) · people undergoing major amputation of the lower extremity

It is very uncertain whether unfractionated heparin changes DVT (symptomatic, asymptomatic, non‐fatal) (5 to 8 days after surgery) compared with low molecular weight heparin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters (CVC) prevent occlusion vs heparin flushing

CVC occlusion rate per 1000 catheter days Ability to infuse solution through CVC · infants and children with a long‐term CVC

It is very uncertain whether does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters… changes CVC occlusion rate per 1000 catheter days: ability to infuse… compared with heparin flushing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters (CVC) prevent occlusion vs heparin flushing

CVC‐associated blood stream infection rate per 1000 catheter days Incidence of positive blood culture · infants and children with a long‐term CVC

Does normal saline flushing in long‐term central venous catheters… showed no clear difference in CVC‐associated blood stream infection rate per 1000 catheter days:… compared with heparin flushing (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transverse groin incision vs vertical groin incision

Lymphatic complications: Lymphatic leak (28 days) Lymphatic collection (28 days) · patients undergoing surgery with femoral artery approach

It is very uncertain whether transverse groin incision changes lymphatic complications: Lymphatic leak (28 days) Lymphatic… compared with vertical groin incision (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Limb salvage at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in limb salvage at 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Amputation at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in amputation at 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Death at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in death at 30 days (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Vessel patency at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vessel patency at 30 days (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Major haemorrhage at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

The intervention may leads to higher major haemorrhage at 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Stroke at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in stroke at 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Distal embolisation at 30 days · patients seeking treatment for initial management of acute limb ischaemia

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes distal embolisation at 30 days (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low molecular weight heparin vs UFH

Incidence of recurrent VTE1 after initial treatment (up to 15 days) · patients with venous thromboembolism.

LMWH probably leads to lower incidence of recurrent VTE1 after initial treatment (up to 15 days) compared with UFH (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Emergency endovascular aneurysm repair vs conventional open repair

Short‐term mortality (30‐day or in‐hospital) · people diagnosed with RAAA

Emergency endovascular aneurysm repair showed no clear difference in short‐term mortality (30‐day or in‐hospital) compared with conventional open repair (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review