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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Population

Intervention or exposure

Comparison

Outcome

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Review versions

2,395 questions in 172 reviews · Gut

current versions

No studies 420 · 17.5%Ungraded 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.83 [0.68, 1.02]	4 studies · 189 participants	Very low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Long‐term mortality · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	HR 0.65 [0.31, 1.34]	4 studies · 229 participants	Very low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Serious adverse events · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Quality of life (3 months to 5 years) · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 146 participants	Very low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Quality of life (> 5 years) · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 101 participants	Low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Adverse events (proportion) · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.55 [0.22, 1.35]	4 studies · 226 participants	Very low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Adverse events (number of adverse events) · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	Rate ratio 0.95 [0.43, 2.12]	1 study · 43 participants	Very low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Length of hospital stay · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 208 participants	Low
Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy Employed · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.54 [1, 2.37]	4 studies · 189 participants	Low
Pregabalin vs placebo Health‐related quality of life (short‐term) EORTC QLQ‐C30 · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 64 participants	Moderate
Pregabalin vs placebo Serious adverse events · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.76 [0.35, 8.96]	1 study · 64 participants	Low
Pregabalin vs placebo Opiate analgesic requirement (short‐term) · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 64 participants	Moderate
Pregabalin vs placebo Adverse events · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.71 [1.2, 2.43]	1 study · 64 participants	Moderate
Pregabalin vs placebo Pain scores (short‐term) · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 64 participants	Moderate
Pregabalin vs placebo Hospital admissions · patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic pain Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.44 [0.04, 4.62]	1 study · 64 participants	Low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs placebo Maintenance of remission (sensitivity analysis excluding Candy 1995) · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.19 [1.05, 1.34]	6 studies · 489 participants	Low
Azathioprine vs budesonide Withdrawals due to adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 5.13 [0.25, 103.43]	1 study · 77 participants	Very low
Azathioprine vs budesonide Serious adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 5.13 [0.25, 103.43]	1 study · 77 participants	Very low
Azathioprine and infliximab vs infliximab Maintenance of remission · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.02 [0.74, 1.4]	1 study · 36 participants	Very low
Azathioprine and infliximab vs infliximab Adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.6 [0.33, 7.86]	1 study · 45 participants	Very low
Azathioprine and infliximab vs infliximab Withdrawals due to adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.42 [0.1, 56.46]	1 study · 45 participants	Very low
Azathioprine and infliximab vs infliximab Serious adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.42 [0.1, 56.46]	1 study · 45 participants	Very low
6‐Mercaptopurine vs methotrexate Maintenance of remission · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.94 [0.47, 1.85]	1 study · 31 participants	Very low
6‐Mercaptopurine vs methotrexate Adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.65 [0.31, 1.38]	1 study · 57 participants	Very low
6‐Mercaptopurine vs methotrexate Withdrawals due to adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.68 [0.17, 2.75]	1 study · 57 participants	Very low
6‐Mercaptopurine vs methotrexate Serious adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.68 [0.17, 2.75]	1 study · 57 participants	Very low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs placebo Adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.29 [1.02, 1.64]	6 studies · 359 participants	Low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 3.12 [1.59, 6.09]	7 studies · 661 participants	Very low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs placebo Serious adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.45 [1.22, 4.9]	4 studies · 556 participants	Very low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs mesalazine or sulfasalazine Maintenance of remission · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.09 [0.88, 1.34]	2 studies · 166 participants	Low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs mesalazine or sulfasalazine Adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 8.77 [0.54, 142.51]	1 study · 45 participants	Very low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs mesalazine or sulfasalazine Withdrawals due to adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.86 [0.87, 3.97]	2 studies · 290 participants	Very low
Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine vs mesalazine or sulfasalazine Serious adverse events · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 9.37 [1.84, 47.72]	2 studies · 235 participants	Very low
Azathioprine vs budesonide Maintenance of remission · maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.65 [1.13, 2.42]	1 study · 77 participants	Low
Budesonide 3 mg vs placebo Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeks · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.67 [0.92, 3.02]	1 study · 133 participants	Low
Budesonide 15 mg vs placebo Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeks · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.25 [1.35, 3.76]	2 studies · 181 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 15 mg vs placebo Clinical improvement (decrease in CDAI > 100 or total CDAI <= 150) ‐ 8 weeks · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.34 [0.83, 6.63]	1 study · 51 participants	Low
Budesonide 15 mg vs placebo Withdrawal due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.55 [0.45, 5.34]	2 studies · 181 participants	Low
Budesonide 15 mg vs placebo Withdrawal due to disease worsening · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.57 [0.36, 0.89]	2 studies · 181 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 15 mg vs placebo Corticosteroid related adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.4 [0.84, 2.34]	2 studies · 181 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 9 mg vs conventional steroids Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeks · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.75, 0.97]	8 studies · 750 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 9 mg vs conventional steroids Withdrawal due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.57 [0.18, 1.84]	5 studies · 522 participants	Low
Budesonide 9 mg vs conventional steroids Withdrawal due to disease worsening · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.07, 14.55]	1 study · 30 participants	Very low
Budesonide 9 mg vs mesalamine Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeksThomsen 1998 · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.63 [1.23, 2.16]	1 study · 182 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 9 mg vs mesalamine Induction of clinical remission (CDAI < 150) ‐ 8 weeksTromm 2011 · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.12 [0.95, 1.32]	1 study · 307 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 3 mg vs placebo Withdrawal due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.66 [0.11, 3.8]	1 study · 133 participants	Low
Budesonide 9 mg vs mesalamine Clinical improvement (decrease in CDAI > 100 or total CDAI < 150) · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.18 [0.99, 1.42]	2 studies · 489 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 9 mg vs mesalamine Withdrawal due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.43 [0.18, 1.03]	2 studies · 489 participants	Low
Budesonide 9 mg vs mesalamine Withdrawal due to disease worsening · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.35 [0.18, 0.69]	1 study · 182 participants	Moderate
Budesonide 3 mg vs placebo Withdrawal due to disease worsening · Patients with active Crohn's disease Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.64, 1.33]	1 study · 133 participants	Moderate