All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · preterm infants
Very early treatment showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during hospital stay compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants requiring surgical PDA ligation or transcatheter occlusion · preterm infants
Very early treatment showed no clear difference in proportion of infants requiring surgical PDA ligation or… compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a hemodynamically significant PDA · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether very early treatment changes proportion of infants receiving any pharmacotherapy for a… compared with expectant management (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Days to regain birth weight · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
Linear growth (cm/week) · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
Growth: head circumference (cm/week) · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
Risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 · preterm infants
Early showed no clear difference in necrotising enterocolitis stage 2 or 3 compared with late fortification of human milk (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to achieve full enteral feeding (days) · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
Extrauterine growth restriction at discharge · preterm infants
Early showed no clear difference in extrauterine growth restriction at discharge compared with late fortification of human milk (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of infants with feed interruption episodes · preterm infants
Early showed no clear difference in proportion of infants with feed interruption episodes compared with late fortification of human milk (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Growth: head circumference (cm/week) · preterm or low birth weight infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Growth restriction (z‐score of weight) at hospital discharge · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether early full enteral feeding changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with delayed or progressive feeding (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Linear growth (cm/week) · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Growth velocity, head circumference, mm/d, end of intervention · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
Formula showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental disability compared with donor breast milk (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · preterm or low birth weight infants
Formula showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with donor breast milk (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
Formula probably leads to higher necrotising enterocolitis compared with donor breast milk (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review