Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,640 questions · 2,709 findings · 446 reviews

No studies found 593 · 21.9%GRADE not reported 241 · 8.9%Very low 538 · 19.9%Low 706 · 26.1%Moderate 516 · 19%High 115 · 4.2%

FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs placebo

Adverse effects: Death ‐ long termOccurrences of death · patients with schizophrenia

ORAL FLUPHENAZINE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: Death ‐ long termOccurrences of death compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs topical timolol

Adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ general adverse events 24 weeks' · infantile haemangiomas (strawberry birthmarks) of the skin

It is very uncertain whether oral propranolol changes adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ general adverse… compared with topical timolol (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse events 24 weeks' · infantile haemangiomas (strawberry birthmarks) of the skin

Oral propranolol showed no clear difference in adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT plus standard care vs usual care

Global state: 2. Clinically important change (no improvement) ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether COMPARISON 1: CBT+ STANDARD CARE changes global state: 2. Clinically important change (no improvement) ‐ long… compared with STANDARD CARE ALONE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT plus standard care vs usual care

Mental state: General ‐ clinically important change (no improvement) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether COMPARISON 1: CBT+ STANDARD CARE changes mental state: General ‐ clinically important change (no improvement)… compared with STANDARD CARE ALONE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT plus standard care vs usual care

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia

COMPARISON 1: CBT+ STANDARD CARE showed no clear difference in satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term compared with STANDARD CARE ALONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs gastrokinetic agents

Proportion of people whose symptoms 'improved' (long term: more than 12 weeks) · symptomatic gastroparesis

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes proportion of people whose symptoms 'improved' (long term: more than… compared with gastrokinetic agents (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Improvement in symptoms of gastroparesis (long term: more than 12 weeks) ‐ not measured · symptomatic gastroparesis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review