Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,230 questions · 1,303 findings · 326 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 73 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 21 · 1.6%Very low 497 · 38.1%Low 403 · 30.9%Moderate 245 · 18.8%High 64 · 4.9%

ICU follow‐up services vs standard care or no follow‐up service

Physical function · adult survivors of the ICU, excluding those already in an existing follow‐up or rehabilitation programme

1 finding from 1 review

Follow‐up services for improving long‐term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 422 participants
Very low

ICU follow‐up services vs standard care or no follow‐up service

Cognitive function · adult survivors of the ICU, excluding those already in an existing follow‐up or rehabilitation programme

1 finding from 1 review

Follow‐up services for improving long‐term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 622 participants
Very low

Mirtazapine vs placebo

Participant‐reported sleep problems (scale: 0 to 28; higher scores indicate more sleep problems) · adults with fibromyalgia

Mirtazapine showed no clear difference in participant‐reported sleep problems (scale: 0 to 28; higher scores… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mirtazapine for fibromyalgia in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 573 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs sham

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 105 participants
Moderate

Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone

Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 137 participants
Low

Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone

Quality of life (mental component) (short‐term) SF‐36 physical component scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better quality of life). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 137 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs sham

Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 105 participants
Moderate

Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs education alone

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs education alone

Function (short‐term) DRI scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture as an addition to patient education vs education alone

Quality of life (short‐term) GSI scale from 0 to 10 (higher is worse quality of life). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture vs NSAIDs

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs NSAIDs

Function (short‐term) Harris function score from: 0 to 47 (higher is better function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 137 participants
Low

Acupuncture as an addition to the routine primary care that trial participants were receiving from their physicians vs routine primary physician care alone

Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with hip osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for hip osteoarthritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 137 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Quality of Life SF‐36 Physical Summary score (scale 0 to 100, higher score indicates better quality of life) · adults with intermittent claudication

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for intermittent claudication 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 429 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Quality of Life SF‐36 Mental Summary score (scale 0 to 100, higher score indicates better quality of life) · adults with intermittent claudication

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for intermittent claudication 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 343 participants
Moderate

Multidiscipinary rehabilitation vs usual care

Back pain · Subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for subacute low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 336 participants
Moderate

Multidiscipinary rehabilitation vs usual care

Functional disability (Higher scores indicate higher levels of disability) · Subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for subacute low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 240 participants
Low

Multidisciplinary rehabilitation vs other treatment

Pain at the long term Higher scores indicated more intense pain · Subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for subacute low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 336 participants
Low

Multidisciplinary rehabilitation vs other treatment

Functional disability (Higher scores indicate higher levels of disability) · Subacute low back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for subacute low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 345 participants
Low