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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,280 questions in 114 reviews · Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders
current versionsNo studies 856 · 37.5%Ungraded 58 · 2.5%Very low 550 · 24.1%Low 502 · 22%Moderate 271 · 11.9%High 43 · 1.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings ‐ DVD plus information booklet vs information booklet alone Family adjustment · adults and children with hemophilia Psychological interventions for people with hemophilia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings ‐ computerised learning vs no intervention Mood or personal well‐being: self‐efficacy (General Self‐Efficacy Scale of Sherer, 5 question scale of Lee) · adults and children with hemophilia Psychological interventions for people with hemophilia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 87 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings ‐ computerised learning vs no intervention Coping strategies: disease specific knowledge, practical skills, self management ability and transition readiness · adults and children with hemophilia Psychological interventions for people with hemophilia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 47 participants | Low |
Vitamin D vs placebo Serum 25(OH)D level (change from baseline) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Adverse events · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Low |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Presence of pain · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.62, 1.62] | 1 study · 62 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Acute chest syndrome · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Respiratory infections · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 62 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month HRQoL (using a validated scale) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin D vs placebo Total body BMD measured by DEXA (% change from baseline) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin D vs placebo Adverse events · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 3.16 [0.14, 72.84] | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Vitamin D vs placebo Frequency of pain (change from baseline) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Vitamin D vs placebo Acute chest syndrome · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin D vs placebo Respiratory infections · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin D vs placebo HRQoL score (physical functioning) (change from baseline) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level (change from baseline) (ng/mL) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Low |
Vitamin D 100,000 IU/month vs 12,000 IU/month Total body BMD measured by DEXA (% change from baseline) · people with sickle cell disease Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Final height and change in height · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects Oral glucose tolerance test (mg/dL) (at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Height SDS(at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in height SDS (difference between baseline and final visit at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Height velocity (cm/year) · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Height velocity SDS · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in height velocity SDS (difference between baseline and final visit at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age) Growth hormone therapy for people with thalassaemia (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care Proportion of participants developing new or progressive SCI lesions · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.7 [0.23, 2.13] | 1 study · 196 participants | Low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care SCD ‐ related SAEs ‐ ACS · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and abnormal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.3 [0.11, 0.87] | 1 study · 130 participants | Low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care SCD‐related SAEs ‐ pain crisis · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and abnormal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.44, 1.86] | 1 study · 130 participants | Very low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care Clinical stroke · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and abnormal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.1 [0.01, 0.73] | 1 study · 130 participants | Low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care Cognitive function ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and abnormal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care Quality of life ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and abnormal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Long‐term RBC transfusions vs standard care SCD ‐ related SAEs ‐ ACS · SCD‐related SAEs and clinical stroke in people with SCD at risk of stroke and no previous long‐term RBC transfusions Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.24 [0.12, 0.49] | 2 studies · 326 participants | Low |
Long‐term RBC transfusions vs standard care SCD‐related SAEs ‐ pain crisis · SCD‐related SAEs and clinical stroke in people with SCD at risk of stroke and no previous long‐term RBC transfusions Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.42, 0.95] | 2 studies · 326 participants | Low |
Long‐term RBC transfusions vs standard care Clinical stroke · SCD‐related SAEs and clinical stroke in people with SCD at risk of stroke and no previous long‐term RBC transfusions Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.12 [0.03, 0.49] | 2 studies · 326 participants | Moderate |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted Proportion of participants developing new or progressive SCI lesions · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.29 [0.09, 0.97] | 1 study · 77 participants | Low |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted All‐cause mortality · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | Peto OR 8 [0.16, 404.12] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care All‐cause mortality · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 196 participants | Low |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted Clinical stroke · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.01, 4.35] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted SCD‐related SAEs ‐ ACS · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted SCD‐related SAEs ‐ pain crisis · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted Cognitive function ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Transfusions continued vs transfusions halted Quality of life ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normalised TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions Proportion of participants developing new or progressive SCI lesions · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 121 participants | Very low |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions All‐cause mortality · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions SCD‐related SAEs ‐ ACS · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 2.03 [0.39, 10.69] | 1 study · 121 participants | Very low |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions SCD‐related SAEs ‐ pain crisis · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 5.08 [0.61, 42.23] | 1 study · 121 participants | Very low |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions Clinical stroke · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 121 participants | Very low |
Long‐term RBC transfusion vs standard care SCD ‐ related SAEs ‐ ACS · prevention of SCI in people with SCD and normal TCD velocities Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.2 [0.08, 0.51] | 1 study · 196 participants | Low |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions Cognitive function ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusions Quality of life ‐ not reported · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who have not had a stroke (primary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydroxyurea vs RBC transfusion Proportion of participants developing new or progressive SCI lesions · prevention of SCI in people with SCD who had a stroke (secondary prevention) Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease (2020) · Cochrane | Peto OR 7.28 [0.14, 366.91] | 1 study · 133 participants | Very low |