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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,112 questions in 171 reviews · Eyes and Vision
current versionsNo studies 587 · 27.8%Ungraded 95 · 4.5%Very low 446 · 21.1%Low 557 · 26.4%Moderate 361 · 17.1%High 66 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Acupuncture vs topical antibiotics Adverse effects · people with acute hordeolum Acupuncture for acute hordeolum (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs topical antibiotics plus warm compresses Resolution of hordeolum at short term · people with acute hordeolum Acupuncture for acute hordeolum (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.96, 1.04] | 1 study · 109 participants | Low |
Acupuncture vs topical antibiotics plus warm compresses Resolution of hordeolum between 8 and 30 days after diagnosis, or that closest to 14 days after diagnosis · people with acute hordeolum Acupuncture for acute hordeolum (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.82, 1.13] | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/40 or better · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.67, 1.21] | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Proportion of participants who lost two or more lines of best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Eyes within ± 0.5 D of target refraction · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.48, 0.99] | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Postoperative corneal haze · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.11 [0.57, 7.82] | NR | Very low |
Intervention NR Postoperative pain score: 1 year · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events (flap‐complications) · participants aged 18‐60 years with myopia ranging in severity up to 12 diopters (D) Laser‐assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) versus laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Intervention NR Treatment success (at 6 months) · children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Intervention NR Treatment success (at other time points) · children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [0.99, 1.28] | 1 study · 146 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Proportion of participants requiring secondary procedures · children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cost‐effectiveness · children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 163 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Complications · children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) Probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Change in the prevalence of cataract blindness · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Service utilisation: uptake of referral · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Service utilisation: uptake of surgery · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.94 [1.14, 3.31] | 1 study · 355 participants | Low |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Cataract Surgical Coverage · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Surgical outcome (visual acuity in the operated eye) · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Adverse events · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Prevalence of visual impairment due to cataract · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Service utilisation: uptake of referral · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 | 1 study · 434 participants | Low |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Service utilisation: uptake of surgery · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.11 | 1 study · 434 participants | Low |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Cataract Surgical Coverage · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Surgical outcome (visual acuity in the operated eye) · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Information video and counselling to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Adverse events · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Change in the prevalence of cataract blindness · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs standard care Prevalence of visual impairment due to cataract · people with vision impairment caused by cataract Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Complete release of vitreous adhesion · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 3.46 [2, 6] | NR | High |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Closure of macular hole · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.87 [1.5, 5.51] | NR | High |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Complete posterior vitreous detachment · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 2.94 [1.39, 6.24] | NR | High |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control 3‐line or greater improvement in best‐corrected visual acuity · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.95 [1.07, 3.53] | NR | Moderate |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Requirement for vitrectomy · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.5, 0.91] | NR | Moderate |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Mean change in validated visual function questionnaire score from baseline Score ranges from 0 to 100, higher scores are better visual function · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Ocriplasmin injection vs control Any ocular adverse event · people with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [1.09, 1.37] | NR | Moderate |
Intervention NR Improvement in symptoms, reported by the child or by their parents/carers, preferably measured by a validated tool, at three months (± one month) after start of treatment · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Elimination of all clinical signs of ocular surface inflammation ('complete success'), preferably measured by a composite grading system, at three months (± one month) after start of treatment · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Improvement of clinical signs of ocular surface inflammation ('partial success'), preferably measured by a composite grading system, at three months (± one month) after start of treatment · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 137 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Change from baseline in best corrected visual acuity in affected eye(s) in logMAR · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Uncontrolled or poorly controlled disease progression due to treatment failure, at three months (± one month) after start of treatment · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects of medication, at any time during treatment · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Quality of life · children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis Topical treatments for blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in children (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Inferior oblique myectomy vs recession Proportion of participants with postoperative surgical success (hypertropia less than 3 PD in primary gaze) · people with symptom‐producing and/or socially noticeable unilateral overacting inferior oblique muscle; all… Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 23 participants | Ungraded |
Inferior oblique disinsertion vs anterior transposition Proportion of participants with postoperative hypertropia less than 3 PD in down gaze · people with unilateral superior oblique palsy Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Inferior oblique disinsertion vs anterior transposition Proportion of participants with postoperative hypertropia less than 3 PD in contralateral gaze · people with unilateral superior oblique palsy Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Moderate |
Inferior oblique disinsertion vs anterior transposition Proportion of participants who received additional strabismus surgery · people with unilateral superior oblique palsy Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | RR 7 [0.4, 121.39] | 1 study · 22 participants | Very low |
Inferior oblique disinsertion vs anterior transposition Proportion of participants with reversal of vertical deviation postoperatively · people with unilateral superior oblique palsy Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Inferior oblique disinsertion vs anterior transposition Proportion of participants with postoperative orbital cellulitis · people with unilateral superior oblique palsy Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Inferior oblique myectomy vs recession Proportion of participants with anomalous head position preoperatively with residual head tilt postoperatively · people with symptom‐producing and/or socially noticeable unilateral overacting inferior oblique muscle; all… Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 23 participants | Ungraded |