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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

Comparison

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Review versions

2,280 questions in 114 reviews · Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders

current versions

No studies 856 · 37.5%Ungraded 58 · 2.5%Very low 550 · 24.1%Low 502 · 22%Moderate 271 · 11.9%High 43 · 1.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Pine bark extract vs placebo IIEF erectile function domain score · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Investigator‐reported · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Total plasma testosterone (nmol/L) · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo All‐cause mortality · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Serious adverse events · men with erectile dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control Participant‐reported · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Change in FEV1 % predicted/FVC · children and adults with asthma diagnosed by American Thoracic Society criteria Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 44 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control FSFI satisfaction domain score · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 75 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control FSFI pain domain score · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 75 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control Investigator‐reported · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control All‐cause mortality · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control Serious adverse events · women with sexual dysfunction Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Participant‐reported · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Composite WOMAC score · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 37 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Change in NSAIDs and COX‐2 inhibitor usage (mean number of pills taken per month) · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 35 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Investigator‐reported · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo All‐cause mortality · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo All‐cause mortality · children and adults with asthma diagnosed by American Thoracic Society criteria Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Serious adverse events · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Withdrawal from study because of pine bark extract supplements · adults with osteoarthritis of the knee Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.4 [0.08, 1.97]	1 study · 100 participants	Moderate
Pine bark extract vs control Participant‐reported · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control Investigator‐reported · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control Bone alkaline phosphatase (ug/L) · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 40 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control Procollagen type 1 N‐terminal propeptide (ng/mL) · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 40 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control C‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ng/mL) · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 40 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs control All‐cause mortality · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs control Serious adverse events · post‐menopausal women with osteopenia Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Participant‐reported · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Serious adverse events · children and adults with asthma diagnosed by American Thoracic Society criteria Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Cognitive failure questionnaire scores · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 56 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Rivermead post‐concussion symptom questionnaire (RPQ‐13) scores · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 56 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Investigator‐reported · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo California verbal learning test: long‐delay free recall scores · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 56 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo California verbal learning test (mean total accuracy) (%) · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 56 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo Wechsler adult intelligence scale (letter number sequencing scores) · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 56 participants	Very low
Pine bark extract vs placebo All‐cause mortality · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Serious adverse events · adults with a traumatic brain injury Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Pine bark extract vs placebo Participant‐reported · children with ADHD Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Vitamin K vs control Time to cessation of bleeding · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR QoL: CFQ‐R · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR QoL: CFQoL · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Adverse events · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR PIVKA II levels: change in PIVKA II (ng/mL) · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Uncarboxylated osteocalcin: change in carboxylation of osteocalcin level (% Glu‐OC) · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 13 participants	Very low
Vitamin K vs control Bone mineral density: lumbar spine z score · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 38 participants	Very low
Vitamin K vs control QoL: CFQ‐R · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Vitamin K vs control QoL: CFQoL · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Vitamin K vs control Adverse events · people with cystic fibrosis Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies