Adverse events (common reactions to aromatherapy include skin rashes, dyspnoea, headache, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, hypertension or dizziness) · adults and children having any type of surgical procedure under general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia or sedation, as hospital…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative opioid consumption, 'overall' (MEQ, mg) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Gastrointestinal recovery · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
It is very uncertain whether intravenous (IV) lidocaine changes gastrointestinal recovery compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (e.g. the number of participants that died, or had arrhythmias, other heart rate disorders, or showed any signs of lidocaine toxicity) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Nausea · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
It is very uncertain whether intravenous (IV) lidocaine changes postoperative nausea, 'overall' (0 to 24 h, to 48 h, to 72 h) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative opioid consumption, 'overall' (MEQ, mg) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Gastrointestinal recovery · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (e.g. the number of participants that died, or had arrhythmias, other heart rate disorders, or showed any signs of lidocaine toxicity) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Nausea · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative delirium (POD) within 7 days (As assessed by any method such as the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) in the first week after operation) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention probably leads to lower postoperative delirium (POD) within 7 days (As assessed by any… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) (As determined by any method of assessing POCD including a battery of neuropsychological tests according to the criteria described by the International Study of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (ISPOCD)) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) (As determined by any… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
All‐cause mortality · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any postoperative complication · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention probably leads to lower any postoperative complication (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative length of stay (days) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Intraoperative pain · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Costs · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review