What do systematic reviews say?

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin), intravenous vs placebo

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin),… showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  BMT/SCT after conditioning for haematological cancers
  RR 0.89 [0.58, 1.34]
  4 studies · 714 participants
  GRADE not reported

GM-CSF vs placebo or no treatment

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (tube feeding) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  RT to head and neck
  RR 0.31 [0.01, 7.09]
  1 study · 29 participants
  GRADE not reported

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), oral spray vs placebo

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), oral spray showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Chemoradiotherapy to the head and neck
  RR 1.03 [0.55, 1.94]
  1 study · 136 participants
  GRADE not reported

Needle aspiration vs incision and drainage

• Needle aspiration versus incision and drainage for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 124 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 1028 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes normalcy of diet (days of total parenteral nutrition, TPN) compared with control (no treatment or standard/usual oral care, e.g. saline rinse) (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: oral cryotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes

  High-dose melphalan-based treatment prior to HSCT (haematological cancers)
  MD -2.18 [-4.33, -0.03]
  1 study · 78 participants
  Very low
• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: oral cryotherapy 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Fluorouracil (5FU) treatment for solid cancers
  Summary of findings for the main comparison (5FU solid cancers): Normalcy of diet (days of total parenteral nutrition) - 'No studies assessed this outcome'.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Early oral feeding vs delayed oral feeding

• Early versus delayed oral fluids and food for reducing complications after major abdominal gynaecologic surgery 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 301 participants
  Moderate

Psychological therapy vs control intervention

Psychological therapy showed no clear difference in improvement in pain scores—Integrated approach (somatic,… compared with control interventions (low certainty).

• Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 1.52 [0.71, 3.27]
  106 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 51 participants
  Moderate

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Very low vs low protein diet

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Very low vs low protein diet

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Very low vs low protein diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Very low vs low protein diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Very low vs low protein diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low phosphorus vs normal diet

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 80 participants
  Very low

Low phosphorus vs normal diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low phosphorus vs normal diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low phosphorus vs normal diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found