Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Oral nutritional supplements vs usual care or control

Infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether oral nutritional supplements changes infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) vs usual care or control

Non‐infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) showed no clear difference in non‐ infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

All‐cause annual hospitalisation days (days/patient‐year)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause annual hospitalisation days (days/patient‐year) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 31 to 100 days · Adults with haematological malignancies treated with intensive chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or both, with or without haematopoietic stem…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all‐cause mortality at 31 to 100 days (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early vs delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy

Time away from normal activities (days) · paediatric and adult patients with appendiceal phlegmon

It is very uncertain whether early changes time away from normal activities (days) Median compared with delayed open or laparoscopic appendicectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review