Endometritis · Women who had normal vaginal births
It is very uncertain whether routine antibiotic prophylaxis changes endometritis compared with no treatment or placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Urinary tract infection · Women who had normal vaginal births
Routine antibiotic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in urinary tract infection compared with no treatment or placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Wound infection (episiotomy dehiscence) · Women who had normal vaginal births
It is very uncertain whether routine antibiotic prophylaxis changes wound infection (episiotomy dehiscence) compared with no treatment or placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Length of maternal hospital stay (days) · Women who had normal vaginal births
1 finding from 1 review
Individual antimicrobial resistance · Women who had normal vaginal births
1 finding from 1 review
OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects [2 weeks to 6 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic showed no clear difference in adverse effects [2 weeks to 6 months] compared with control plus antibiotic (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hearing loss · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic showed no clear difference in hearing loss [2 months]1 compared with control plus antibiotic (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic leads to higher OME resolution at short‐term compared with control plus antibiotic (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
1 finding from 1 review
ESKD · primary VUR
It is very uncertain whether surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics changes ESKD compared with antibiotics alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertension · primary VUR
It is very uncertain whether surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics changes hypertension compared with antibiotics alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of UTI with microbial resistance (resistant organisms) · primary VUR
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · chronic suppurative otitis media
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) may leads to lower ear pain, discomfort, irritation compared with boric acid (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Average change in hearing from baseline · chronic suppurative otitis media
1 finding from 1 review
Serious complications ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Suspected ototoxicity ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · chronic suppurative otitis media
It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics (quinolones) changes resolution of ear discharge (1 to 2 weeks) compared with povidone‐iodine (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review