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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,749 questions · 14,261 findings · 832 reviews

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No studies found 3,655 · 25.6%GRADE not reported 2,111 · 14.8%Very low 3,646 · 25.6%Low 3,028 · 21.2%Moderate 1,501 · 10.5%High 320 · 2.2%

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Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Number of people re‐admitted (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) probably leads to lower number of people re‐admitted (all‐cause) compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Anti‐cytokine, all‐cause mortality ‐ uncertain risk of bias · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes mortality (all‐cause) overall analysis compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

QoL · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Adverse events at study endpoint · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Depressive symptoms · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Anxiety · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group

Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) · preventing mental disorders
2 findings from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical recovery ‐ harmful or hazardous alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… showed no clear difference in clinical recovery ‐ harmful or hazardous alcohol use (1 to 6 months… compared with enhanced usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Cannabis use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes prevalence of cannabis use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ risk of hazardous or harmful alcohol use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ overall risk of harmful or hazardous alcohol and substance use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Quality of life (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… showed no clear difference in quality of life (1 to 6 months post intervention) compared with enhanced usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Service utilisation (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of visits to primary care centres due to alcohol consumption (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes service utilisation (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of alcohol‐related consequences ‐ accidents (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review