Cochrane · systematic review · CD014722
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of well‐being in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Purgato, M, Prina, E, Ceccarelli, C, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library
Effective Practice and Organisation of CareAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
42
current version
GRADE rated
31
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 11 · 26.2%Very low 15 · 35.7%Low 9 · 21.4%Moderate 5 · 11.9%High 2 · 4.8%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in adults
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 684 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness |
Adverse events at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity ) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 349 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 158 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 722 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in adults
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 229 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Adverse events at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 223 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 535 participants | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency, indirectness |
Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in adults
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint (RR < 1 denotes lower risk of mental diagnosis) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | RR 0.3 [0.06, 1.57] | 3 studies · 843 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 1136 participants | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency, indirectness |
Adverse events at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 663 participants | Moderate Downgraded: indirectness |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 2341 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 250 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 19 studies · 2536 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias |
Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in children
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 803 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Adverse events at study endpoint (RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 212 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 160 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 183 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Promotion/universal prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 800 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in children
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 115 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 479 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 638 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 159 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions compared to control group in preventing mental disorders in children
Population: preventing mental disorders
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint (RR < 1 denotes lower risk of mental diagnosis) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | RR 0.77 [0.51, 1.17] | 1 study · 220 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Quality of life at study endpoint (higher score = better quality of life) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 152 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Adverse events at study endpoint Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 448 participants | High |
Depressive symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 771 participants | High |
Anxiety symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 888 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 448 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |