Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,072 questions · 4,237 findings · 447 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 946 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 257 · 6.1%Very low 1,121 · 26.5%Low 1,207 · 28.5%Moderate 568 · 13.4%High 138 · 3.3%

Knee replacement with tourniquet vs knee replacement without tourniquet

Functional outcomes

1 finding from 1 review

Tourniquet use for knee replacement surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 611 participants
Moderate

Routine preoperative medical testing vs selective or no testing

Medical adverse events up to 2 months after surgery · people with age‐related cataract

Routine preoperative medical testing showed no clear difference in medical adverse events up to 2 months after surgery compared with selective or no testing (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.86, 1.16]
3 studies · 21531 participants
High

Routine preoperative medical testing vs selective or no testing

Adverse events (ocular problems) · people with age‐related cataract

Routine preoperative medical testing showed no clear difference in ocular adverse events up to 2 months after surgery compared with selective or no testing (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.99 [0.71, 1.38]
2 studies · 2281 participants
Moderate

Routine preoperative medical testing vs selective or no testing

Cost for preoperative testing prior to surgery · people with age‐related cataract

1 finding from 1 review

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1005 participants
Moderate

Routine preoperative medical testing vs selective or no testing

Cancellation of cataract surgery prior to surgery · people with age‐related cataract

Routine preoperative medical testing showed no clear difference in cancellation of cataract surgery prior to surgery compared with selective or no testing (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.97 [0.78, 1.21]
2 studies · 20582 participants
High

Routine preoperative medical testing vs selective or no testing

Clinical management changes (other than cancellation) prior to surgery · people with age‐related cataract

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intraoperative neuromonitoring vs visual nerve identification only during thyroidectomy

Permanent RILN palsy (nerves) Definition: injury detected clinically, by laryngoscopy or both, in which the motility of the vocal cords did not recover within 6 months after surgery

It is very uncertain whether intraoperative neuromonitoring changes permanent RILN palsy (nerves) Definition: injury detected… compared with visual nerve identification only during thyroidectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.77 [0.33, 1.77]
4 studies · 2895 participants
Very low

Intraoperative neuromonitoring vs visual nerve identification only during thyroidectomy

Transient RILN palsy (nerves) Definition: injury detected clinically, by laryngoscopy or both, in which the motility of the vocal cords recovered within 6 months after surgery

It is very uncertain whether intraoperative neuromonitoring changes transient RILN palsy (nerves) Definition: injury detected… compared with visual nerve identification only during thyroidectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intraoperative neuromonitoring versus visual nerve identification for prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.62 [0.35, 1.08]
4 studies · 2895 participants
Very low

IStent (or iStent inject) vs medical therapy

Secondary glaucoma surgery · open‐angle glaucoma

1 finding from 1 review

Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with iStent for open‐angle glaucoma 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 286 participants
GRADE not reported

IStent in combination with phacoemulsification vs phacoemulsification alone

Secondary glaucoma surgery · open‐angle glaucoma

1 finding from 1 review

Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with iStent for open‐angle glaucoma 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 290 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality within 30 days of surgery – not reported · people with a low platelet count

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Mortality secondary to bleeding within 30 days of surgery – not reported · people with a low platelet count

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Mortality secondary to thromboembolism within 30 days of surgery – not reported · people with a low platelet count

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Mortality secondary to infection within 30 days of surgery – not reported · people with a low platelet count

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Number of participants with major bleeding within 7 days of surgery · people with a low platelet count

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 65 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Number of participants with minor procedure‐related bleeding within 7 days of surgery · people with a low platelet count

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 65 participants
Very low

Biological graft vs native tissue repair

Repeat surgery for any prolapse (24 months) · women with posterior vaginal wall prolapse

Biological graft showed no clear difference in repeat surgery for any prolapse (24 months) compared with native tissue repair (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for women with posterior compartment prolapse 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.18, 1.97]
2 studies · 271 participants
Low

Transanal repair vs transvaginal repair

Repeat surgery for any prolapse (25 months) · women with posterior vaginal wall prolapse

Transanal repair showed no clear difference in repeat surgery for any prolapse (25 months) compared with transvaginal repair (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for women with posterior compartment prolapse 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.42 [0.75, 7.88]
1 study · 57 participants
Low

GnRHa treatment vs placebo or no pretreatment

Operating time · women with uterine fibroids

3 findings from 1 review

Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 443 participants
Very low
Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Low
Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 617 participants
Low

Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs polypropylene mesh

Repeat surgery ‐ surgery for prolapse, SUI, or mesh exposure review 1 to 3 years · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse

Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue probably leads to lower repeat surgery for prolapse, SUI or mesh exposure (1‐3 years) compared with polypropylene mesh (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.59 [0.41, 0.83]
12 studies · 1527 participants
Moderate