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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,206 questions in 117 reviews · Common Mental Disorders
current versionsNo studies 387 · 17.5%Ungraded 111 · 5%Very low 635 · 28.8%Low 568 · 25.7%Moderate 449 · 20.4%High 56 · 2.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Antidepressants vs opioid antagonists Anxiety symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 62 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs opioid antagonists Functional impairment ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo Time spent gambling · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Low |
Antidepressants vs opioid antagonists Responder status · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.54, 1.87] | 1 study · 36 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Gambling symptom severity · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Gambling expenditure ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Gambling frequency ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Time spent gambling ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Depressive symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 58 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Anxiety symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 58 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Functional impairment ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs mood stabilisers Responder status · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.29, 1.33] | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Gambling symptom severity ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo Depressive symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 90 participants | Low |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Gambling expenditure ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Gambling frequency ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Time spent gambling ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Depressive symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Anxiety symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Functional impairment ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Opioid antagonists vs mood stabilisers Responder status ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antidepressants vs placebo Anxiety symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 41 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Functional impairment · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Responder status · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.93, 1.66] | 6 studies · 268 participants | Very low |
Opioid antagonists vs placebo Gambling symptom severity · treatment of disordered and problem gambling Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 259 participants | Low |
Hydrocortisone vs placebo PTSD severity at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Propranolol vs placebo Quality of life at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gabapentin vs placebo PTSD severity at 3 months · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Gabapentin vs placebo Dropout due to adverse events at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gabapentin vs placebo PTSD rate at 3 months · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.18, 3.59] | 1 study · 26 participants | Very low |
Gabapentin vs placebo Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gabapentin vs placebo Quality of life at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydrocortisone vs placebo Dropout due to adverse events at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydrocortisone vs placebo PTSD rate at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydrocortisone vs placebo Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hydrocortisone vs placebo Quality of life at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Propranolol vs placebo PTSD severity at 3 months · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 86 participants | Very low |
Propranolol vs placebo Dropout due to adverse events at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Propranolol vs placebo PTSD rate at 3 months · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.31, 1.92] | 3 studies · 88 participants | Very low |
Propranolol vs placebo Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · adults (aged 18 and older) exposed to a traumatic event Early pharmacological interventions for universal prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Symptoms of post‐traumatic stress at 3 months post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Symptoms of depression at 3 months post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 63 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Psychological distress post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 16 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Child behaviour post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 16 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Externalising behaviours 5 weeks post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Externalising behaviours 3 months post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 82 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Internalising behaviours 5 weeks post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Teaching Recovery Techniques vs waiting list Internalising behaviours 3 months post‐treatment · health problem or population Community‐based interventions for improving mental health in refugee children and adolescents in high‐income… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 82 participants | Low |
Antidepressant vs placebo Clinical response of depression · adults with psychotic depression Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression (2021) · Cochrane | RR 8.4 [0.5, 142.27] | 1 study · 27 participants | Very low |
Antipsychotic vs placebo Change in depression severity from baseline · adults with psychotic depression Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |