Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

188 questions · 201 findings · 54 reviews

No studies found 33 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 6 · 3%Very low 39 · 19.4%Low 73 · 36.3%Moderate 42 · 20.9%High 8 · 4%

Electromechanical‐ and robotic‐assisted gait training plus physiotherapy vs usual care or physiotherapy

Independent walking (primary outcome) · patients with walking after stroke

Electromechanical‐ and robot‐assisted gait training plus physiotherapy leads to higher independent walking (primary outcome) compared with physiotherapy (or usual care) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment vs conservative treatment

Improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking Measured by parents' perception of toe walking frequency more than 50% of the time. · children with ITW gait

It is very uncertain whether botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment changes improvement (greater than 50% of time spent) heel‐toe walking… compared with conservative treatment only (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin plus conservative treatment vs conservative treatment

Recurrence of ITW post‐treatment Assessed by improvement in toe walking based on Gait Analysis Classification An increase indicates improvement (an improvement indicated by a change in downgrading of the severe or 3, moderate or 2, and mild or 1 c... · children with ITW gait
1 finding from 1 review

Treadmill (with or without body weight support) vs other interventions

Activity Gait speed · adults who had suffered a stroke and exhibited an abnormal gait pattern
2 findings from 1 review