Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

101 questions · 108 findings · 12 reviews · Skin

No studies found 7 · 6.5%GRADE not reported 9 · 8.3%Very low 19 · 17.6%Low 38 · 35.2%Moderate 30 · 27.8%High 5 · 4.6%

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: tacrolimus 0.1% ointment probably leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms Not measured · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: adverse events ‐ burning/itching at application site · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: tacrolimus 0.1% ointment showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ burning/itching at application site compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Secondary: investigator‐rated reduction in severity ‐ Not measured · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strong steroid (class III or IV) vs mild steroid (class I or II)

Total clearance (at 4 weeks or less) Investigator's assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis

Strong steroid (class III or IV) showed no clear difference in total clearance (at 4 weeks or less) Investigator's assessment compared with mild steroid (class I or II) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strong steroid (class III or IV) vs mild steroid (class I or II)

Total clearance (more than 4 weeks) Investigator's assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis

Strong steroid (class III or IV) may leads to lower total clearance (more than 4 weeks) Investigator's assessment compared with mild steroid (class I or II) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Eating a normally varied diet · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Restoration of sexual activity · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Reduction in number of flares · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Reduction in severity of flares · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids

Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ 6 weeks · people with atopic dermatitis

Tacrolimus 0.03% probably leads to higher physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or… compared with corticosteroids (moderate certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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Steroid plus vitamin D vs vitamin D

Number of participants achieving 'clearance' by IGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D leads to higher number of participants achieving 'clearance' by IGA compared with vitamin D (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs vitamin D

Number of participants achieving 'response' by IGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D probably leads to higher number of participants achieving 'response' by IGA compared with vitamin D (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs vitamin D

Number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events (AE) · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D leads to lower number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events compared with vitamin D (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Steroid plus vitamin D vs vitamin D

Number of participants achieving 'response' by PGA · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D probably leads to higher number of participants achieving 'response' by PGA compared with vitamin D (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Moderate‐potency vs mild‐potency topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time within 1‐5 weeks) · children and adults with mild to severe eczema

Moderate‐potency probably leads to higher clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with mild‐potency topical corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review