Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

88 questions · 90 findings · 13 reviews · Skin

No studies found 11 · 12.2%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.4%Very low 27 · 30%Low 32 · 35.6%Moderate 14 · 15.6%High 2 · 2.2%

Etretinate vs placebo or no treatment

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

It is very uncertain whether etretinate changes proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etretinate with PUVA therapy as co‐intervention vs placebo with PUVA therapy

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

It is very uncertain whether etretinate with PUVA therapy as co‐intervention changes proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with placebo with PUVA therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etretinate vs PUVA

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

It is very uncertain whether etretinate changes proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with PUVA therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etanercept vs placebo

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Etanercept showed no clear difference in proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ustekinumab vs placebo

Proportion of participants achieving a 50% reduction in disease severity · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Ustekinumab showed no clear difference in proportion of participants achieving a 50% reduction in disease… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical vitamin D derivative vs placebo

Proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared ‐ · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

Topical vitamin D derivative may leads to higher proportion of participants cleared or almost cleared in the short… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Secukinumab vs placebo

Proportion of participants with adverse effects in the short term ‐ not reported · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous soya oil‐derived (n‐6) fatty acid‐based lipid emulsion vs intravenous fish oil‐derived (n‐3) fatty acid‐based lipid emulsion

Proportion of participants achieving clear or almost clear skin (PASI 90 to 100 or PGA 0 to 1) · guttate psoriasis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs topical timolol

Adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ general adverse events 24 weeks' · infantile haemangiomas (strawberry birthmarks) of the skin

It is very uncertain whether oral propranolol changes adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ general adverse… compared with topical timolol (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse events 24 weeks' · infantile haemangiomas (strawberry birthmarks) of the skin

Oral propranolol showed no clear difference in adverse events experienced at short or long term ‐ Serious adverse… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Imiquimod vs vehicle

Short‐term clinical cure (up to 3 months after start of treatment) (completely cleared short term) · molluscum contagiosum

Imiquimod showed no clear difference in short‐term clinical cure (up to 3 months after start of treatment)… compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Imiquimod vs vehicle

Short‐term clinical improvement (up to 3 months after start of treatment) · molluscum contagiosum

Imiquimod showed no clear difference in short‐term clinical improvement (up to 3 months after start of… compared with vehicle (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fractional laser vs radiofrequency

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) · people with acne scars

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fractional laser vs combined chemical peeling plus needling

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants with adverse events · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether fractional laser changes participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants… compared with combined chemical peeling plus needling (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fractional laser vs non‐fractional non‐ablative laser

Participant‐reported scar improvement (short‐term) N of participants with > 50% improvement in acne scars · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether fractional laser changes participant‐reported scar improvement (short‐term) N of participants… compared with non‐fractional non‐ablative laser (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review