Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

480 questions · 494 findings · 38 reviews

No studies found 118 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 54 · 10.9%Very low 176 · 35.6%Low 99 · 20%Moderate 34 · 6.9%High 13 · 2.6%

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Hospital mortality – non‐randomised studies ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Length of hospital stay · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Adverse events (unexpected cardiac or respiratory arrest) – non‐randomised studies ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Composite outcome – randomised trials Composite outcome of incidence (events divided by number of eligible participants admitted to the hospital during the study period) of cardiac arrests without a pre‐existing NFR order, unplanned ICU admissions... · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
1 finding from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Composite outcome – non‐randomised studies Composite endpoint of cardiopulmonary arrest, unplanned ICU admission or death per 1000 admitted patients ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
1 finding from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Unplanned ICU admission – non‐randomised trial ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

ICU readmission – non‐randomised studies · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs COMBINATIONS: b. HALOPERIDOL + LORAZEPAM

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injection during 24 hours · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with COMBINATIONS: b. HALOPERIDOL + LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs chlorpromazine

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more that 1 injection compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: b. CHLORPROMAZINE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: c. DROPERIDOL

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL probably leads to higher repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: c. DROPERIDOL (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs RISPERIDONE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional benzodiazepine · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL showed no clear difference in repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: h. RISPERIDONE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: h. THIOTHIXENE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: i. THIOTHIXENE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: j. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 3 injections · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 3 injections compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: k. ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs ARIPIPRAZOLE

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

HALOPERIDOL may leads to lower repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ needing additional… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: a. ARIPIPRAZOLE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs lorazepam

Repeated need for rapid tranquillisation ‐ more than 1 injection · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes repeated need for rapid tranquillisation more than 1 injection compared with BENZODIAZEPINE: b. LORAZEPAM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review