Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

128 questions · 140 findings · 16 reviews

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No studies found 25 · 17.9%GRADE not reported 2 · 1.4%Very low 60 · 42.9%Low 36 · 25.7%Moderate 15 · 10.7%High 2 · 1.4%

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Consumed amount at

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 142 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Craving

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Secondary outcome: acceptability of treatment

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
21 studies · 1087 participants
High

Mindfulness plus medication vs Medication alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Shevtsova 2020: data could not be combined; both groups achieved at least a 30% reduction in pain from baseline at treatment completion and follow-up (Table 1). No between-group MD reported.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Cardiovascular events · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Clinical CVD events (CVD mortality and non‐fatal MI) · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

It is very uncertain whether mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) changes clinical CVD events (CVD mortality and non‐fatal MI) compared with non‐active comparators (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.37, 2.42]
1 study · 110 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 379 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 379 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Anxiety · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 533 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Depression, change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 912 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Perceived stress, change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 708 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

General well‐being · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 198 participants
Moderate

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Adverse events · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with non‐active comparators (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 5 [0.27, 91.52]
1 study · 18 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs non‐active comparators

Smoking cessation · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) showed no clear difference in smoking cessation compared with non‐active comparators (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.36 [0.86, 2.13]
2 studies · 453 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 388 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 388 participants
Low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Anxiety · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 438 participants
Moderate

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Depression, change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 595 participants
Moderate

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

Perceived stress, change from baseline · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 357 participants
Moderate

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs active comparators

General well‐being · people at high risk of or withcardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Low