What do systematic reviews say?

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes adverse effects ( compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.42, 0.82]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes clinical recurrence (until week 102) compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.16 [0.73, 1.84]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes endoscopic recurrence (at week 102) compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.16 [0.73, 1.84]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes surgical recurrence ( compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.38, 1.62]
  133 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.8, 1.05]
  10 studies · 3843 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.9 [0.78, 1.04]
  11 studies · 4014 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 53 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall response rate Duration of compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.24 [1, 1.55]
  11 studies · 3723 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy probably leads to higher adverse event (any) Duration of compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.23 [1.27, 3.92]
  5 studies · 2290 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy probably leads to higher severe adverse event (grade ≥ 3 ) Duration of compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.19 [1.03, 1.37]
  8 studies · 3800 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐TB therapy vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether anti‐TB therapy changes relapse compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Anti‐tuberculous therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.45, 0.75]
  4 studies · 206 participants
  Very low

Anti‐TB therapy vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether anti‐TB therapy changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Anti‐tuberculous therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.57 [1.45, 4.55]
  4 studies · 322 participants
  Very low

Anti‐TB therapy vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether anti‐TB therapy changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Anti‐tuberculous therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.29 [0.6, 2.77]
  4 studies · 322 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.71 [0.54, 0.94]
  4 studies · 769 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… may leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.51 [0.29, 0.9]
  3 studies · 677 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1638 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1638 participants
  Very low

LMWH + standard therapy vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether LMWH + standard therapy changes clinical remission compared with standard therapy (very low certainty).

• Unfractionated or low‐molecular weight heparin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.32, 2.04]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low

LMWH + standard therapy vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether LMWH + standard therapy changes clinical improvement compared with standard therapy (very low certainty).

• Unfractionated or low‐molecular weight heparin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.13 [0.83, 1.53]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low

LMWH + standard therapy vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether LMWH + standard therapy changes endoscopic remission compared with standard therapy (very low certainty).

• Unfractionated or low‐molecular weight heparin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.32, 2.04]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low