Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

388 questions · 412 findings · 37 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 61 · 14.8%GRADE not reported 42 · 10.2%Very low 68 · 16.5%Low 114 · 27.7%Moderate 100 · 24.3%High 27 · 6.6%

Supportive intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 1426 participants
Moderate

Supportive intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 735 participants
High

Supportive intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Supportive intervention may leads to higher 2.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.68 [1.08, 2.6]
2 studies · 376 participants
Low

Supportive intervention vs control

Total number of withdrawals · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Supportive intervention showed no clear difference in 2.4 Withdrawals compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.97, 1.66]
11 studies · 1702 participants
Low

Educational intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 1128 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 578 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 525 participants
Moderate

Behavioural intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to higher 3.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.7 [1.2, 2.41]
6 studies · 549 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to lower 3.4 Withdrawal compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.66 [0.44, 0.98]
10 studies · 939 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

Daytime sleepiness (ESS): endpoint score. · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 271 participants
Low

Behavioural intervention vs control

AHI · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 89 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

QoL · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

2 findings from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 228 participants
Moderate
Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
GRADE not reported

Educational intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 698 participants
Very low

Educational intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether educational intervention changes 1.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.58 [1.5, 4.44]
7 studies · 1019 participants
Very low

Educational intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1745 participants
GRADE not reported

Educational intervention vs control

1.5 ESS ‐ Comparison of values at endpoint‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 355 participants
GRADE not reported

Behavioural intervention vs usual care

Exacerbations · autumn asthma exacerbations in children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.13 [0.95, 1.33]
1 study · 10481 participants
Moderate

Behavioural intervention vs usual care

Adverse events · autumn asthma exacerbations in children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multi‐component intervention vs control

Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.05 [0.6, 1.85]
1 study · 192 participants
Low

Multi‐component intervention vs control

Adherence to pharmacotherapy: number of people achieving adherence to medication · COPD

Multi‐component intervention may leads to higher adherence to pharmacotherapy: number of people achieving adherence… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.37 [1.18, 1.59]
4 studies · 446 participants
Low