Hospital admission (exacerbation) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
It is very uncertain whether long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on changes exacerbations (hospital) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
1 finding from 1 review
ACQ score Scale = 0 to 6 (0 = no impairment; 6 = maximum impairment) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (all) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on showed no clear difference in adverse events (all) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to lower hospitalisation compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total adverse events · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to higher total adverse events compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Percent change FEV₁(%) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Health outcomes Peak expiratory flow readings (higher readings indicate better peak flow) · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Change in PEF · Adults with acute asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse · Adults with acute asthma
Combination inhaled therapy probably leads to lower relapse rates compared with SABA alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Inhaled steroid dose · mild asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Inhaled steroid dose · mild asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Total systemic steroid dose · mild asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · mild asthma
As‐required FABA/ICS inhalers showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with regular inhaled steroid (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids · mild asthma
As‐required FABA/ICS inhalers showed no clear difference in exacerbations requiring systemic steroid compared with regular inhaled steroid (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admission, ED and urgent care visits · mild asthma
As‐required FABA/ICS inhalers may leads to lower hospital admission, ED and urgent care visits compared with regular inhaled steroid (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Asthma control · mild asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Outcomes (weighted · stable COPD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) · stable COPD
Triple therapy may leads to lower moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review