Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

233 questions · 255 findings · 25 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 38 · 14.9%GRADE not reported 32 · 12.5%Very low 83 · 32.5%Low 61 · 23.9%Moderate 27 · 10.6%High 14 · 5.5%

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Death (before hospital discharge) or BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in death (before hospital discharge) or BPD(supplemental… compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation

BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks'… compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation

Treatment failure within 72 hours of trial entry · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in treatment failure within 72 hours of trial entry compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation

Mechanical ventilation within 72 hours of trial entry · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in mechanical ventilation within 72 hours of trial entry compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation

Nasal trauma (during assigned treatment) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow probably leads to lower nasal trauma (during assigned treatment) compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HFNC vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support

Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks'… compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review