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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Lifestyle intervention vs minimal treatment Metabolic: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose (mmol/L/minute) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 121 participants | Low |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Ongoing pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.71, 1.59] | 4 studies · 1159 participants | Very low |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Clinical pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.71, 1.63] | 1 study · 170 participants | Very low |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Ectopic pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Multiple pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Side effects · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Miscarriage · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.33, 1.16] | 4 studies · 525 participants | Very low |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Clinical pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.23 [1, 1.52] | 7 studies · 1570 participants | Low |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Ectopic Pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.05, 5.89] | 1 study · 72 participants | Very low |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Multiple pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.18, 21.67] | 1 study · 180 participants | Very low |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs vs placebo/ no treatment Side effects · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.39 [0.02, 119.35] | 3 studies · 418 participants | Very low |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Live birth · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Ongoing pregnancy · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.63, 2] | 1 study · 170 participants | Very low |
Piroxicam vs indomethacin Miscarriage · assisted reproductive technology Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.44, 2.28] | 1 study · 170 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Live birth rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.76, 1.24] | 1 study · 926 participants | Low |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Ovulation rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Restored regular menstrual period – low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | MD 0.22 | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Restored regular menstrual period – low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs no intervention · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | MD 0.37 | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Adverse eventsc · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 4.46 [0.77, 25.78] | 1 study · 201 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs relaxation Live birth rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs relaxation Multiple pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs relaxation Ovulation rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs relaxation Adverse events · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Live birth rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Multiple pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Multiple pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.33, 2.45] | 1 study · 926 participants | Low |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Ovulation rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Restored regular menstrual period – restored menstruation at the end of treatment · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.64 [0.94, 2.85] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Restored regular menstrual period – restored menstruation 1 month after end of treatment · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [1.03, 2.19] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs clomiphene Adverse events · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.3, 5.83] | 1 study · 120 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs Diane‐35 Live birth rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs Diane‐35 Multiple pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
True acupuncture vs Diane‐35 Ovulation rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.87, 2.42] | 1 study · 68 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs Diane‐35 Adverse events · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.7 [0.25, 1.99] | 2 studies · 360 participants | Very low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Ovulation rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1010 participants | Low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Clinical pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.82, 1.29] | 3 studies · 1117 participants | Low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Restored regular menstrual period · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 141 participants | Low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Miscarriage rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [0.77, 1.56] | 1 study · 926 participants | Low |
True acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Adverse events · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [1.02, 1.31] | 3 studies · 1230 participants | Moderate |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Live birth rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low‐frequency electroacupuncture vs physical exercise or no intervention Multiple pregnancy rate · polycystic ovarian syndrome Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Live birth rate (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Incidence of surgical complications (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Pregnancy rate (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 3.29 [1.43, 7.54] | 2 studies · 166 participants | Very low |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Ovulation rate (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 3.02 [0.75, 12.2] | 1 study · 92 participants | Very low |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Incidence of OHSS (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 0.13 [0.01, 2.64] | 2 studies · 155 participants | Very low |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Miscarriage rate (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 0.56 [0.03, 10.93] | 1 study · 16 participants | Very low |
Ultrasound‐guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling with gonadotropin (Gn) vs Gn Multiple pregnancy rate (per woman) · clomiphene‐resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome in subfertile women Ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian needle drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome… (2019) · Cochrane | OR 1.25 [0.27, 5.77] | 2 studies · 155 participants | Very low |
Recombinant follicle stimulating hormone vs urinary‐derived gonadotrophins Live birth rate per woman · women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovulation induction Gonadotrophins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.83, 1.78] | 5 studies · 505 participants | Low |
Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone Incidence of OHSS per woman · women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovulation induction Gonadotrophins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (2019) · Cochrane | RR 7.07 [0.42, 117.81] | 2 studies · 53 participants | Very low |