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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Diacerein vs placebo Physical function—Lequesne Impairment Index Scale from: 0 to 24 · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1006 participants | Moderate |
Diacerein vs placebo Radiographic progression—minimum joint space width (decreased over 0.50 mm during the study period) · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.72, 0.99] | 616 participants | Low |
Diacerein vs placebo Quality of Life not measured · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Diacerein vs placebo Adverse event: diarrhoea · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 3.52 [2.42, 5.11] | 1 participants | Low |
Diacerein vs placebo Withdrawal due to adverse events · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.29 [0.83, 2.01] | 1476 participants | Low |
Diacerein vs placebo Total number of serious adverse events not measured · participants with osteoarthritis Diacerein for osteoarthritis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo New fractures (Kanggusong capsule versus placebo) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.05 [0, 0.85] | 1 study · 104 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention Death · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention Serious adverse events · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention BMD of lumbar spine (Bushen Shengsui principle versus no intervention) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention BMD of femoral neck (Shigu yin versus no intervention) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention BMD of femoral neck (Shengu capsule versus no intervention) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine New fractures (Kanggusong granule versus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine Quality of life · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine Death · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine Serious adverse events · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine BMD of lumbar spine (Bushenjianpi Zhuangguyin versus Caltrate and calcitonin) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo Quality of life · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine BMD of lumbar spine (Liuwei Dihuang pills versus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs western medicine BMD of femoral neck (Kanggusong granule versus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine New fractures (Yigu capsule plus calcium versus placebo plus calcium) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.06 [0, 1] | 1 study · 140 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine New fractures (Xianlinggubao capsule (low‐dose) plus calcium and vitamin D versus placebo plus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 8.02] | 1 study · 120 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine New fractures (Bushen Zhuanggu granules plus calcium and vitamin D versus placebo granules plus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.44 [0.13, 1.43] | 1 study · 155 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine New fractures (Kanggusong soup plus calcium and vitamin D versus calcium and vitamin D) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.01, 5.34] | 1 study · 75 participants | Very low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine Quality of life (Bushenhuoxue therapy plus calcium carbonate tablets and alfacalcidol versus calcium carbonate tablets and alfacalcidol) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine Death · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs western medicine Serious adverse events · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo Death · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo Serious adverse events · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo BMD of lumbar spine (Kanggusong capsule versus placebo) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 140 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo BMD of ulna (Bushen Yigu soft extract versus placebo) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo BMD of radius (Bushen Yigu soft extract versus placebo) · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Low |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention New fractures · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention Quality of life · patients with osteoporosis Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Allopurinol vs placebo Acute gout attacks · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.64 [0.12, 3.52] | 1 study · 51 participants | Moderate |
Allopurinol 100‐300 mg daily vs febuxostat 80 mg daily Pain reduction ‐ not measured · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol 100‐300 mg daily vs febuxostat 80 mg daily Function ‐ not measured · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol 100‐300 mg daily vs febuxostat 80 mg daily Tophus regression · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol 100‐300 mg daily vs febuxostat 80 mg daily Withdrawal due to adverse effects · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.62, 1.26] | 3 studies · 2555 participants | Moderate |
Allopurinol 100‐300 mg daily vs febuxostat 80 mg daily Serious adverse effects · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [0.71, 1.82] | 3 studies · 2556 participants | Moderate |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Acute gout attacks · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.28 [0.01, 6.58] | 1 study · 55 participants | Low |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Proportion achieving target serum urate · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.56, 1.11] | 2 studies · 101 participants | Moderate |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Pain reduction ‐ not measured · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Function ‐ not measured · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Tophus regression ‐ not reported · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol vs placebo Proportion achieving target serum urate · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 49.11 [3.15, 765.58] | 1 study · 51 participants | Moderate |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Withdrawal due to adverse events · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.18, 3.58] | 2 studies · 91 participants | Low |
Allopurinol vs benzbromarone Serious adverse effects · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Allopurinol vs placebo Pain reduction · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 51 participants | Ungraded |
Allopurinol vs placebo Function · people with chronic gout Allopurinol for chronic gout (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |