What do systematic reviews say?

Aminophylline vs placebo

Aminophylline showed no clear difference in hospital admissions compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta₂‐agonists in adults with acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.58 [0.3, 1.12]
  6 studies · 315 participants
  Moderate

Aminophylline vs placebo

Aminophylline showed no clear difference in tremor compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta₂‐agonists in adults with acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.6 [0.62, 11.02]
  5 studies · 249 participants
  Low

Aminophylline vs placebo

Aminophylline probably leads to higher vomiting compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta₂‐agonists in adults with acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4.21 [2.2, 8.07]
  7 studies · 321 participants
  Moderate

Aminophylline vs placebo

Aminophylline probably leads to higher arrhythmia/palpitations compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta₂‐agonists in adults with acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 3.02 [1.15, 7.9]
  6 studies · 249 participants
  Moderate

Aminophylline vs placebo

• Addition of intravenous aminophylline to inhaled beta₂‐agonists in adults with acute asthma 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 21 participants
  Moderate

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

Human deoxyribonuclease showed no clear difference in clinical failure Number of children with no significant improvement… compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.38 [0.37, 5.14]
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 38 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 27 participants
  Low

Human deoxyribonuclease vs placebo

• Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 27 participants
  Low

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ adults and adolescents compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [0.85, 2.08]
  10 studies · 29128 participants
  Moderate

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1126 participants
  GRADE not reported

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol leads to higher all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ adults and adolescents compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.14 [1.01, 1.28]
  13 studies · 30196 participants
  High

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ children compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.3 [0.82, 2.05]
  5 studies · 1333 participants
  Moderate

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol leads to higher asthma‐related mortality ‐ adults and adolescents compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 3.49 [1.31, 9.31]
  10 studies · 29128 participants
  High

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol showed no clear difference in asthma‐related non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ adults and… compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.43 [0.75, 2.71]
  12 studies · 3841 participants
  Low

Regular salmeterol vs placebo

Regular salmeterol showed no clear difference in asthma‐related non‐fatal serious adverse events ‐ children compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events 2008 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.72 [1, 2.98]
  5 studies · 1333 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Anti‐interleukin‐13 and anti‐interleukin‐4 agents versus placebo, anti‐interleukin‐5 or anti‐immunoglobulin‐E agents,… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 2598 participants
  High