Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

801 questions · 875 findings · 91 reviews

No studies found 182 · 20.8%GRADE not reported 220 · 25.1%Very low 229 · 26.2%Low 128 · 14.6%Moderate 76 · 8.7%High 40 · 4.6%

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Anaemia · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin below the WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Vitamin A deficiency · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… showed no clear difference in vitamin A deficiency (as defined by the study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Any adverse effects (hookworm infection risk) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to higher any adverse effects (hookworm infection risk) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Diarrhoea · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

It is very uncertain whether rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… changes diarrhoea (as defined by study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Mortality within the longest · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of ARDS or, for older…

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (longest period reported) compared with placebo or standard nutrition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Adverse effects (cardiac) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of ARDS or, for older…

It is very uncertain whether omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants changes cardiac adverse events (study author reported anytime during study… compared with placebo or standard nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Gastrointestinal adverse events · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of ARDS or, for older…

It is very uncertain whether omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants changes gastrointestinal adverse events (study author reported anytime… compared with placebo or standard nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Study author‐reported adverse events · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of ARDS or, for older…

It is very uncertain whether omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants changes total number of adverse events (study author reported anytime during… compared with placebo or standard nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Loratadine 10 mg vs placebo (4‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Loratadine 10 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (4‐week intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review